We study prospects of constraining the primordial magnetic field (PMF) and its evolution during the dark ages and cosmic dawn in light of EDGES 21-cm signal. Our analysis has been carried out on a `colder IGM' background which is one of the promising avenues to interpret the EDGES signal. We consider the dark matter-baryon interactions for the excess cooling. We find that the colder IGM suppresses both the residual free electron fraction and the coupling coefficient between the ionised and neutral components. The Compton heating also gets affected in colder IGM background. Consequently, the IGM heating rate due to the PMF enhances compared to the standard scenario. Thus, a significant fraction of the magnetic energy, for $B_0 \lesssim 0.5 \, {\rm nG}$, gets transferred to the IGM and the magnetic field decays at a much faster rate compared to the simple $(1+z)^2$ scaling during the dark ages and cosmic dawn. This low PMF is an unlikely candidate for explaining the rise of the EDGES absorption signal at lower redshift. We also see that the PMF and DM-baryon interaction together introduces a plateau-like feature in the redshift evolution of the IGM temperature. We find that the upper limit on the PMF depends on the underlying DM-baryon interaction. Higher PMF can be allowed when the interaction cross-section is higher and/or the DM particle mass is lower. Our study shows that the PMF with $B_0$ up to $\sim 0.4 \, {\rm nG}$, which is ruled out in the standard model, can be allowed if DM-baryon interaction with suitable cross-section and DM mass is considered.

中文翻译：

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根据 EDGES 21 厘米信号，宇宙黎明期间的原始磁场

我们根据 EDGES 21 厘米信号研究了在黑暗时代和宇宙黎明期间限制原始磁场 (PMF) 及其演化的前景。我们的分析是在“较冷的 IGM”背景下进行的，这是解释 EDGES 信号的有希望的途径之一。我们考虑了过度冷却的暗物质-重子相互作用。我们发现较冷的 IGM 抑制了剩余的自由电子分数和电离和中性成分之间的耦合系数。在较冷的 IGM 背景下，康普顿加热也会受到影响。因此，与标准方案相比，由于 PMF 导致的 IGM 加热速率提高。因此，磁能的很大一部分，对于 $B_0 \lesssim 0.5 \, {\rm nG}$，被转移到 IGM，与黑暗时代和宇宙黎明期间简单的 $(1+z)^2$ 缩放相比，磁场衰减的速度要快得多。这种低 PMF 不太可能解释 EDGES 吸收信号​​在较低红移处的上升。我们还看到 PMF 和 DM-重子相互作用共同在 IGM 温度的红移演化中引入了类似平台的特征。我们发现 PMF 的上限取决于潜在的 DM-重子相互作用。当相互作用截面较高和/或 DM 粒子质量较低时，可以允许较高的 PMF。我们的研究表明，如果 DM-重子与合适的横截面和 DM 质量相互作用，则可以允许 $B_0$ 高达 $\sim 0.4 \, {\rm nG}$ 在标准模型中被排除的 PMF被认为。