Statement of problem

Supraimplant emergence profile changes have revealed that, when not supported, peri-implant soft tissue collapses. However, this phenomenon has not been described qualitatively and quantitatively in 3 dimensions.

Purpose

The purpose of this cross-sectional clinical study was to analyze changes in the supraimplant emergence profile digitally over time when the peri-implant soft tissue was not supported.

Material and methods

A data set consisting of 16 participants with 16 implants was used. After removal of the healing abutment or the interim restoration, 4 intraoral optical impressions were made successively on the patient to record the supraimplant emergence profile at 4 different times: 0 second (T₀), 30 seconds (T_{0.5 min}), 2 minutes (T_{2 min}), and 5 minutes (T_{5 min}). The supraimplant emergence profile surfaces obtained were closed with a 3D meshing software program (Meshmixer) to obtain the volume of the supraimplant emergence profile at each time. The reference volume at T₀ (Vol T₀) corresponded to the volume created during the mucosal healing phase, which, theoretically, should be preserved for the fabrication of the definitive crown. The different volumes (Vol T_{0.5 min}, Vol T_{2 min}, and Vol T_{5 min}) were compared with Vol T₀ to analyze the volumetric changes, kinetics, and topography of this variation by using a 3D visualization and analysis software program (Avizo). A nonparametric Wilcoxon test for paired samples was used for comparison.

Results

The supraimplant emergence profile volume decreased by an average of 5% at 30 seconds (P<.001), 10% at 2 minutes (P<.001), and 14% at 5 minutes (P<.001).

Conclusions

The supraimplant emergence profile collapsed significantly in 3D when unsupported for 30 seconds or more.

中文翻译：

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无支撑种植体周围软组织的体积随时间变化：横断面观察研究

问题陈述

种植体上突出轮廓的变化表明，如果不加以支持，种植体周围软组织就会塌陷。然而，这种现象并没有在 3 个维度上进行定性和定量描述。

目的

这项横断面临床研究的目的是在不支持种植体周围软组织时，以数字方式分析种植体上出现轮廓随时间的变化。

材料与方法

使用了由 16 名参与者和 16 个种植体组成的数据集。在移除愈合基台或临时修复体后，在患者身上连续制作 4 个口内光学印模以记录 4 个不同时间的种植体上出现轮廓：0 秒 (T ₀ )、30 秒 (T _{0.5 分钟})、2 分钟 ( T _{2 分钟}）和 5 分钟（T _{5 分钟}）。获得的种植体上出射剖面表面用3D网格划分软件程序(Meshmixer)封闭以获得每次种植体上出射剖面的体积。T ₀处的参考体积(Vol T ₀) 对应于黏膜愈合阶段产生的体积，理论上应该保留以用于制作最终牙冠。将不同体积（Vol T _{0.5 min}、Vol T _{2 min}和Vol T _{5 min}）与Vol T ₀进行比较，通过使用3D 可视化和分析软件程序（Avizo ）。配对样本的非参数 Wilcoxon 检验用于比较。

结果

种植体上出现轮廓体积在 30 秒时平均减少 5% ( P <.001)，在 2 分钟时减少 10% ( P <.001)，在 5 分钟时减少 14% ( P <.001)。

结论

如果不支持30秒或更长时间，种植体上突出轮廓在3D中会明显崩溃。