This work presents a worldwide analysis on the yield potential and cost effectiveness of photovoltaic farms composed of monofacial fixed-tilt and single/dual (1T/2T) tracker installations, as well as their bifacial counterparts. Our approach starts by estimating the irradiance reaching both the front and rear surfaces of the modules for the different system designs (validated based on data from real photovoltaic systems and results from the literature) to estimate their energy production. Subsequently, the overall system cost during their 25-year lifetime is factored in, and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is obtained. The results reveal that bifacial-1T installations increase energy yield by 35% and reach the lowest LCOE for the majority of the world (93.1% of the land area). Although dual-axis trackers achieve the highest energy generation, their costs are still too high and are therefore not as cost effective. Sensitivity analyses are also provided to show the general robustness of our findings.

这项工作对光伏发电场的产量潜力和成本效益进行了全球分析，该发电场由单面固定倾斜式和单/双（1T / 2T）跟踪器装置以及与之对应的光伏装置组成。我们的方法首先针对不同的系统设计（根据实际光伏系统的数据和文献结果进行验证）来估计到达模块正面和背面的辐照度，以估算其能量产生。随后，考虑了其25年使用寿命中的总体系统成本，并获得了平均的电力成本（LCOE）。结果表明，双面1T装置可将能源产量提高35％，并达到世界上大多数国家（占土地面积的93.1％）的最低LCOE。尽管双轴跟踪器可产生最高的能量，但其成本仍然很高，因此成本效益不高。还提供了敏感性分析，以显示我们的发现的总体鲁棒性。