Utilization of fuel oil from biomass (i.e., bio-oil) reduces emission of greenhouse gases. This paper discusses the different pyrolyis processes, physiochemical properties of pyrolysis products, upgrading techniques for safe storage and application in transportation and industrial activities. The production of bio-oil is challenging and requires inclusion of modern technologies. Pyrolysis plays a key role in the production of solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels from biomass. About 60–65% yield of bio-oil produced through the pyrolysis process using fluidized bed reactor has been reported. Among the all pyrolysis technologies vacuum pyrolysis was found a well suitable not only for bio-oil production, but also for improving the physicochemical properties of biochar such as surface area, porosity (macro/micro), functional groups, etc. In bio-oil upgrading, catalytic cracking process was observed as a most promising technique for the upgrading of bio-crude in to liquid fuel. Pyrolysis based synthetic fuels are considered as one of the key to saving the potential greenhouse gas emission up to 60—80% as compared to fossil fuels.

来自生物质的燃料油（即生物油）的使用减少了温室气体的排放。本文讨论了不同的热解过程，热解产物的理化特性，安全存储的升级技术以及在运输和工业活动中的应用。生物油的生产具有挑战性，需要纳入现代技术。热解在由生物质生产固体，液体和气体燃料中起关键作用。据报道，使用流化床反应器通过热解过程产生的生物油的产率约为60-65％。在所有热解技术中，发现真空热解不仅非常适合于生物油的生产，而且还可以改善生物炭的物理化学性质，例如表面积，孔隙率（宏/微），官能团等。在生物油的提质中，催化裂化工艺被视为将生物原油提质为液体燃料的最有前途的技术。与矿物燃料相比，基于热解的合成燃料被认为是将潜在的温室气体排放量节省多达60-80％的关键之一。