Purpose of Review

Despite the rapidly increasing use of resilience indices to analyze responses of trees and forests to disturbance events, there is so far no common framework to apply and interpret these indices for different purposes. Therefore, this review aims to identify and discuss various shortcomings and pitfalls of commonly used resilience indices and to develop recommendations for a more robust and standardized procedure with a particular emphasis on drought events.

Recent Findings

Growth-based resilience indices for drought responses of trees are widely used but some important drawbacks and limitations related to their application may lead to spurious results or misinterpretation of observed patterns. The limitations include (a) the inconsistency regarding the selection and characterization of drought events and the climatic conditions in the pre- and post-drought period and (b) the calculation procedure of growth-based resilience indices.

Summary

We discuss alternative options for metrics, which, when used in concert, can provide a more comprehensive understanding of drought responses in cases where common growth-based resilience indices are likely to fail. In addition, we propose a new analytical framework, the “line of full resilience,” that integrates the three most commonly used resilience indices and show how this framework can be used for comparative drought tolerance assessments such as rankings of different tree species or treatments. The suggested approach could be used to harmonize quantifications of tree growth resilience to drought and it may thus facilitate systematic reviews and development of the urgently needed evidence base to identify suitable management options or tree species and provenances to adapt forests for changing climatic conditions.

中文翻译：

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量化树木对干旱的生长反应-对常用的复原力指数的批评和对未来研究的建议

审查目的

尽管使用复原力指数来分析树木和森林对干扰事件的响应迅速增加，但到目前为止，还没有一个通用的框架可以为不同目的应用和解释这些指数。因此，本次审查旨在确定和讨论常用弹性指标的各种缺陷和陷阱，并针对更加健壮和标准化的程序（尤其是干旱事件）提出建议。

最近的发现

基于生长的树木干旱响应弹性指数已被广泛使用，但是与树木的应用相关的一些重要缺点和局限性可能导致虚假结果或对观察到的模式的误解。局限性包括（a）干旱前期和干旱后时期干旱事件的选择和特征以及气候条件的不一致，以及（b）基于增长的复原力指数的计算程序。

概要

我们讨论了度量标准的备选方案，这些方案一起使用时，可以在基于普通增长的弹性指标可能失效的情况下提供对干旱应对的更全面理解。此外，我们提出了一个新的分析框架，即“全面抗灾力”，该框架整合了三个最常用的抗灾指数，并说明了如何将该框架用于比较耐旱性评估，例如不同树种或处理的等级。所建议的方法可用于协调树木生长对干旱的抵抗力的量化，因此可促进系统审查和开发迫切需要的证据库，以识别合适的管理方案或树木种类和出处，以使森林适应气候变化。