Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is a major health issue in the Western world. Current clinical imperatives for this disease include the identification of more effective biomarkers to detect GC at early stages and enhance the prevention and treatment of metastatic and chemoresistant GC. The advent of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs) and long-non coding RNAs (lncRNAs), has led to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which GC cells acquire features of therapy resistance. ncRNAs play critical roles in normal physiology, but their dysregulation has been detected in a variety of cancers, including GC. A subset of ncRNAs is GC-specific, implying their potential application as biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets. Hence, evaluating the specific functions of ncRNAs will help to expand novel treatment options for GC.

Conclusions

In this review, we summarize some of the well-known ncRNAs that play a role in the development and progression of GC. We also review the application of such ncRNAs in clinical diagnostics and trials as potential biomarkers. Obviously, a deeper understanding of the biology and function of ncRNAs underlying chemoresistance can broaden horizons toward the development of personalized therapy against GC.

中文翻译：

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胃癌化学耐药性的非编码 RNA。

背景

胃癌 (GC) 是西方世界的一个主要健康问题。目前针对这种疾病的临床迫切需要包括鉴定更有效的生物标志物以在早期阶段检测 GC 并加强转移性和化学耐药性 GC 的预防和治疗。非编码 RNA (ncRNA)，特别是 microRNA (miRNA) 和长链非编码 RNA (lncRNA) 的出现，使人们对 GC 细胞获得治疗耐药性特征的机制有了更好的了解。ncRNA 在正常生理学中起着关键作用，但已在多种癌症（包括 GC）中检测到它们的失调。ncRNA 的一个子集是 GC 特异性的，这意味着它们作为生物标志物和/或治疗靶标的潜在应用。因此，评估 ncRNA 的特定功能将有助于扩展 GC 的新治疗选择。

结论

在这篇综述中，我们总结了一些在 GC 的发展和进展中发挥作用的众所周知的 ncRNA。我们还回顾了此类 ncRNA 在临床诊断和试验中作为潜在生物标志物的应用。显然，更深入地了解 ncRNA 的化学耐药性生物学和功能可以拓宽针对 GC 的个性化治疗发展的视野。