Pretreatment with edible white-rot fungi has advantages in low inputs of energy and chemicals for reducing the recalcitrance of woody biomass for bioethanol production while harvesting protein-rich food. The effectiveness of fungal pretreatment may vary with substrate composition. In this study, birch with or without bark and nitrogen additives were experimentally studied for their effects on shiitake production, substrate lignocellulosic degradation and enzymatic convertibility with cellulolytic enzymes. Whey was added as protein nitrogen and led to successful outcomes, while non-protein nitrogen urea and ammonium-nitrate resulted in mortality of fungal mycelia. The mushroom yields of one harvest were generally comparable between the treatments, averaging 651 g fresh weight per kilogram dry substrate, and high enough as to be profitable. Nitrogen loading (0.5–0.8%, dry mass) negatively affected lignin degradation and enzymatic convertibility and prolonged cultivation/pretreatment time. The added bark (0–20%) showed quadratic correlation with degradation of lignin, xylan and glucan as well as enzymatic digestibility of glucan. Nitrogen loading of < 0.6% led to maximal mass degradation of xylan and lignin at bark ratios of 4–9% and 14–19%, respectively, peak saccharification of glucan at 6–12% and the shortest pretreatment time at 8–13% bark. The designed substrates resulted in 19–35% of glucan mass loss after fungal pretreatment, less than half of the previously reported values. Nitrogen and bark additions can regulate lignocellulose degradation and saccharification of birch-based substrates. The designed substrate composition could considerably reduce cellulose consumption during fungal pretreatment, thus improving bioconversion efficiency.

用可食用的白腐真菌进行预处理的优点是能量和化学物质输入量低，可减少木质生物质用于生产生物乙醇的顽固性，同时收获富含蛋白质的食物。真菌预处理的有效性可能随底物组成而变化。在这项研究中，对桦树有无树皮和氮的添加剂进行了实验研究，它们对香菇生产，底物木质纤维素降解和纤维素分解酶的酶转化性有影响。加入乳清作为蛋白质氮并导致成功的结果，而非蛋白质氮尿素和硝酸铵会导致真菌菌丝体死亡。处理之间一次收获的蘑菇产量通常是可比的，平均每公斤干基质平均有651克鲜重，并且足够高以可获利。氮负荷（0.5-0.8％，干重）对木质素降解和酶转化性以及延长的培养/预处理时间有负面影响。添加的树皮（0–20％）与木质素，木聚糖和葡聚糖的降解以及葡聚糖的酶消化率表现出二次相关性。氮含量＜0.6％导致木聚糖和木质素的最大质量降解，皮比例分别为4–9％和14–19％，葡聚糖的最大糖化度为6–12％，最短的预处理时间为8–13％吠。真菌预处理后，设计的底物导致葡聚糖质量损失19–35％，不到先前报道值的一半。氮和树皮的添加可以调节木质纤维素的降解和桦木基质的糖化。