Clear-cutting of Oak forests and intensive cultivation on the hilly regions of the Zagros Mountains has led to plausible threats on the natural ecosystem and catastrophic floods in western Iran. This study was conducted to explore the effects of clear-cutting of natural forests in different slope positions on some soil chemical and physical properties as well as quantification of soil redistribution using magnetic susceptibility. Two adjacent sites, including natural forest and cultivated lands, were selected and a total of six transects at three soil depths (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm) and a total of seventy-two soil samples were examined. Soil properties such as particle size distributions, bulk density (ρb), calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE), soil organic matter (SOM), and magnetic susceptibility at low and high frequencies were measured. Results indicated that clear-cutting and cultivation for 50 years significantly (p < 0.05) increased ρb and CCE and reduced SOM and TN. Moreover, magnetic susceptibility at four slope positions was significantly (p < 0.05) lower compared with the natural forest. Using a simple proportional model to estimate the soil loss or gain and comparing the mean χ_lf in any given point confirmed a high rate of soil loss in cultivated sites. In the forest soils, low soil loss in shoulder position and high rate of deposition in footslope and backslope positions were obtained. In general, it is revealed that magnetic measures could provide valuable estimates of mid-term soil erosion and sedimentation in the hilly region following land use changes.

中文翻译：

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利用磁化率识别土地利用变化对不同坡度土壤重新分布的影响

橡木的清晰切割扎格罗斯山脉丘陵地区的森林和集约化耕作对伊朗西部的自然生态系统和灾难性洪水造成了合理的威胁。进行这项研究的目的是探索不同坡度的天然林的砍伐对某些土壤化学和物理性质的影响，以及利用磁化率对土壤重新分布进行量化的影响。选择了两个相邻的地点，包括天然林和耕地，并在三个土壤深度（0-10、10-20和20-30 cm）上总共进行了六个样点的调查，并对总共72个土壤样本进行了检查。在低频和高频下，测量了土壤特性，例如粒度分布，堆密度（ρb），碳酸钙当量（CCE），土壤有机质（SOM）和磁化率。p <0.05）增加ρb和CCE，降低SOM和TN。此外，与天然林相比，四个斜坡位置的磁化率显着降低（p <0.05）。使用简单的比例模型估算土壤流失或增产并比较任何给定点的平均值χlf，_可以确定耕地中土​​壤流失的比率很高。在森林土壤中，肩部位置的土壤流失率低，山坡和后坡位置的沉积率高。总的来说，据揭示，磁力测量可以为土地利用变化后丘陵地区中期土壤侵蚀和沉积提供有价值的估计。