There is evidence that ejecta from nearby supernovae have rained down on Earth in the past. Supernovae can accelerate preexisting dust grains in the interstellar medium to speeds of ∼0.01 c . We investigate the survival and impact of dust grains from supernovae on the Moon, finding that supernova dust grains can form detectable tracks with widths of ∼0.01–0.07 μ m and depths of ∼0.1–0.7 mm in lunar rocks. These tracks could potentially shed light on the timings, luminosities, and directions of nearby supernovae.

中文翻译：

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超新星加速尘埃对月球的影响

有证据表明，附近超新星的喷出物过去曾在地球上下过雨。超新星可以将星际介质中先前存在的尘埃粒子加速到〜0.01 c的速度。我们调查了超新星尘埃粒子在月球上的生存和影响，发现超新星尘埃粒子可以在月球岩石中形成可检测到的径迹，其宽度约为0.01-0.07μm，深度约为0.1-0.7 mm。这些轨道可能会揭示附近超新星的时间，亮度和方向。