ABSTRACT Camelids were domesticated in the Andean highlands, such as in the puna habitat, and dispersed into lowland areas and the northern Central Andes. As camelids domesticated in a particular region would have had a greater economic benefit than visiting- or hunted wild camelids, it is important to reconstruct the dispersal of camelid husbandry from its initial site throughout the ancient Andean civilisation. We carried out multi-isotope analyses of animal remains recovered from the Pacopampa site to investigate the nature of camelid pastoralism and utilisation. Strontium and oxygen isotope ratios from tooth enamel suggested that camelids in the early Late Formative Period (800–500 BC) were born near the site and remained in the same habitat for up to three years. Although corresponding data for the Middle Formative Period (1200–800 BC) were not available, carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios were statistically different from those of the Late Formative Period, supporting the possibility that the camelids inhabited the highland plateau like puna. It is inferred that in the northern highlands camelids were initially rare and regarded as either tribute or ritual animals, or they were used as pack animals. Camelid husbandry using maize as fodder began during the Late Formative Period at Pacopampa.

中文翻译：

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秘鲁帕科潘帕遗址形成时期骆驼畜牧业的同位素证据

摘要骆驼科动物在安第斯高地驯化，如普纳栖息地，并分散到低地地区和中安第斯山脉北部。由于在特定地区驯化的骆驼比来访或猎杀野生骆驼具有更大的经济利益，因此在整个古代安第斯文明中重建骆驼养殖从其初始地点的分布是很重要的。我们对从 Pacopampa 遗址回收的动物遗骸进行了多同位素分析，以调查骆驼畜牧业和利用的性质。来自牙釉质的锶和氧同位素比率表明，早期形成晚期（公元前 800-500 年）的骆驼科动物出生在该地点附近，并在同一栖息地保持长达三年之久。尽管没有形成中期（公元前 1200-800 年）的相应数据，但碳和氮同位素比与形成后期的碳和氮同位素比在统计上有所不同，支持骆驼像普纳一样栖息在高原高原的可能性。据推测，在北部高地，骆驼最初是稀有的，被视为贡品或祭祀动物，或被用作驮畜。使用玉米作为饲料的骆驼畜牧业始于帕科潘帕的形成晚期。据推测，在北部高地，骆驼最初是稀有的，被视为贡品或祭祀动物，或被用作驮畜。使用玉米作为饲料的骆驼畜牧业始于帕科潘帕的形成晚期。据推测，在北部高地，骆驼最初是稀有的，被视为贡品或祭祀动物，或被用作驮畜。使用玉米作为饲料的骆驼畜牧业始于帕科潘帕的形成晚期。