Purpose: Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) possesses natural flower dropping character with self-pollination, which was highly challenging to create variability through hybridization. Gamma irradiation is a powerful tool to induce genetic alteration and improvement in crops with beneficial mutants. Hence, the present investigation focused on finding out the mutant characters related to the improvement of the agronomic characters and yield-related traits by using gamma irradiation. Pod mutant isolated with fruitful agronomic trait at M₂ (Mutagenic) generation was identified and isolated by gamma irradiation is a central focus in the present study, which enhances the yield of the blackgram.

Materials and methods: Viable and uniform size of blackgram Vamban-4 seeds were irradiated at a different dose of ⁶⁰CO (Cobalt) γ-rays viz., 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 Gray (Gy). The further generations were screened and raised to M₃ and M₄ plants to select the stable mutants with yield traits.

Results: In the M₂ generation, the following viable and pod mutants were identified, such as tall, dwarf, multipod, small pod, bold pod, striata pod. Morphological traits, such as plant height (PH), number of branches per plant (NBP), number of leaves per plant (NLP), number of cluster per plant (NCP), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of seeds per pod (NSP), pod length (PL), a hundred seed weight (HSW), seed yield per plant (SYP), were measured. Among the mutants, the increased morphogenetic traits were recorded in tall mutants (600 Gy), and the enhancement of yield characteristics noticed in multipod (800 Gy) and bold pod mutants (600 Gy). Compared to other doses, 600 Gy shows enhanced quantitative traits for blackgram improvement.

Conclusion: The ⁶⁰CO γ-rays induced genetic variation in the yield and its related traits and obtained pod mutants, which are useful to enhance the commercial value of Vigna species and crop improvement.

目的： Blackgram（Vigna mungo（L.）Hepper）具有自然授粉和自花授粉的特性，这对通过杂交产生变异性具有很大的挑战。伽马射线辐照是诱导具有有益突变体的农作物遗传改变和改良的有力工具。因此，本研究着重于通过使用γ射线来找出与改良农艺性状和产量相关性状有关的突变体性状。鉴定出在M ₂（诱变）世代具有丰硕农艺性状的荚果突变体，并通过伽马射线辐照分离是本研究的重点，这可提高黑线图的产量。

材料和方法：黑豆Vamban-4种子的可行的和均匀的尺寸在不同的剂量进行照射⁶⁰ Co（钴）γ射线即，。 200，400，600，800，1000，和1200戈瑞（Gy）。筛选进一步的世代，并将其培育成M ₃和M ₄植物以选择具有产量性状的稳定突变体。

结果：在M ₂世代中，鉴定出以下可行和荚果突变体，例如高，矮，多荚，小荚，粗体荚，纹状荚。形态特征，例如植物高度（PH），每株植物的分支数（NBP），每株植物的叶数（NLP），每株植物的簇数（NCP），每株植物的豆荚数（NPP），种子数测量每个荚果（NSP），荚果长度（PL），百粒重（HSW），单株种子产量（SYP）。在这些突变体中，高个子突变体（600 Gy）中记录到了更高的形态发生性状，而多荚（800 Gy）和黑体豆荚突变体（600 Gy）中发现了产量特征的增强。与其他剂量相比，600 Gy表现出增强的黑字改善定量特征。

结论：该⁶⁰中的产率和其相关性状和获得荚突变体，其是提高的商业价值有用COγ射线诱导的遗传变异豇豆物种和作物改良。