The influence of ultrasonic radiation in the cavitation regime on the structural and electrochemical properties of activated carbon was studied. It was established, as the result of the X‐ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis, that the ultrasound treatment causes substantial changes in the atomic and porous structure of the samples. The ultrasound treatment resulted in an increase of the graphitization degree of the carbon material and thus, in an increase of its density. The specific surface area and specific volume of the investigated samples decreased after the ultrasound treatment. The impedance dependencies for the supercapacitors made either from the initial and the modified carbon have been analyzed. The equivalent electrical circuits modelling the Nyquist diagrams have been constructed. De Levie impedance model, modified by series connection of parallel RC‐circuit, was used. It has been shown that ultrasonic radiation changes the Fermi level position by shifts to the energy region with high states density of delocalised electrons. This is the reason for unblocking of the Helmholtz layer capacitance due to the increase in the capacitance of the layer of the space charge region in the carbon material. It was shown that ultrasound treatment allows also controlling successfully the admixture and native defects distribution, existing on material surface and which are responsible for the surface electron states formation.

中文翻译：

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超声波辐射下纳米多孔活性炭电荷累积能力的变化

研究了空化条件下超声辐射对活性炭结构和电化学性能的影响。通过X射线衍射和氮吸附/解吸分析的结果可以确定，超声处理会导致样品的原子和多孔结构发生重大变化。超声处理导致碳材料的石墨化程度的增加，并因此导致其密度的增加。超声处理后，所研究样品的比表面积和比体积降低。分析了由初始碳和改性碳制成的超级电容器的阻抗依赖性。已经构造了对奈奎斯特图建模的等效电路。De Levie阻抗模型，使用通过并联RC电路的串联连接进行修改的方法。已经表明，超声辐射通过转移到离域电子的高态密度的能量区域来改变费米能级位置。这是由于碳材料中的空间电荷区域的层的电容的增加而引起的亥姆霍兹层电容的畅通的原因。结果表明，超声处理还可以成功地控制存在于材料表面上并负责表面电子态形成的混合物和天然缺陷分布。这是由于碳材料中的空间电荷区域的层的电容的增加而引起的亥姆霍兹层电容的畅通的原因。结果表明，超声处理还可以成功地控制存在于材料表面上并负责表面电子态形成的混合物和天然缺陷分布。这是由于碳材料中的空间电荷区域的层的电容的增加而引起的亥姆霍兹层电容的畅通的原因。结果表明，超声处理还可以成功地控制存在于材料表面上并负责表面电子态形成的混合物和天然缺陷分布。