Seasonal and diel plasticity of song type use in individual ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla),Ethology

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Seasonal and diel plasticity of song type use in individual ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla)
Ethology ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-28 , DOI: 10.1111/eth.13040
Megan J. Thompson ₁ , Kendriah A. Pearse ₁ , Jennifer R. Foote ₁

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Animal communication is an important aspect of ecology across taxa, and there is a growing area of research that examines how animals plastically adjust their signals to account for both abiotic and biotic factors. Song type use and the temporal plasticity of song have been described in many bird species, but as of yet, few studies have examined how song type use may change across both seasonal and diel timeframes, and no studies have considered individual‐level variation in plasticity. Using a hierarchical framework, we examined temporal patterns of primary and flight song use in ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla; N = 21 individuals). We recorded ovenbird songs (N = 99,259) with autonomous recorders over 24‐hr periods once per week across a breeding season near Sault Ste. Marie, Canada. As predicted, the occurrence and frequency of both song types significantly decreased over the season and showed temporal separation over diel periods. Primary songs peaked at dawn and declined throughout the day, while flight songs peaked at dusk and night. Our results support that primary songs have multiple functions as they remained more frequent during dawn and morning across the breeding season, while flight songs likely serve an intersexual function as they decreased similarly for all diel periods as mating opportunities decreased. Individuals were consistent in how frequently they sang their primary songs, but not their flight songs, suggesting that flight songs are more plastically expressed. We highlight the importance of examining plasticity in animal communication at the individual level as we show that males significantly differed in both their song behaviours (random intercepts) and the seasonal plasticity (random slopes) in these behaviours. Integrating themes such as song type use, temporal plasticity, and individual variation will be important for examining the evolutionary mechanisms that shape animal communication systems.

中文翻译：

单个烤箱鸟（Seiurus aurocapilla）中歌曲类型的季节性和狄尔可塑性

动物交流是整个分类单元生态学的重要方面，并且有越来越多的研究领域研究动物如何通过塑性调节其信号来解释非生物和生物因素。在许多鸟类中已经描述了歌曲类型的使用和歌曲的时间可塑性，但是到目前为止，很少有研究检查歌曲类型的使用在整个季节和迪尔时间框架内如何变化，并且没有研究考虑了个体水平的可塑性变化。使用分层框架，我们检查了炉鸟（Seiurus aurocapilla；N = 21个人）中主要和飞行歌曲使用的时间模式。我们录制了烤箱鸟的歌曲（N = 99,259），并在Sault Ste附近的繁殖季节每周24小时自动记录一次。加拿大玛丽。如预测的那样，两种歌曲类型的出现和频率在整个季节中都显着减少，并且在diel期间显示出时间上的分离。主要歌曲在黎明时达到顶峰，并全天下降，而飞行歌曲则在黄昏和夜晚时达到顶峰。我们的结果支持主要歌曲具有多种功能，因为它们在整个繁殖季节的清晨和早晨更加频繁，而飞行歌曲则可能具有双性恋功能，因为随着交配机会的减少，在所有diel时期它们的减少都类似。个人一致地演唱他们的主歌，而不是他们的飞行歌曲的频率，这表明飞行歌曲的塑形性更高。我们强调了在个体层面上检查动物交流中可塑性的重要性，因为我们表明雄性在这些行为中的歌曲行为（随机截距）和季节性可塑性（随机斜率）都存在显着差异。整合诸如歌曲类型使用，时间可塑性和个体变化之类的主题对于检查影响动物交流系统的进化机制非常重要。

更新日期：2020-05-28

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