Predator functional responses describe predator feeding rates as a function of prey abundance and are central to predator–prey theory. Despite ample evidence that functional responses also depend on predator abundance, theory incorporating predator‐dependent functional responses has focused almost exclusively on specialist predator–prey pairs or linear food chains. This leaves a large gap in our knowledge as many predators feed on multiple prey, and in so doing, generate indirect effects among prey that can alter their coexistence. Here we investigate how predator‐dependent functional responses in a one predator–two prey model alter the coexistence among prey and their net effects on one another. We use two different functional response forms (the Beddington–DeAngelis and Crowley–Martin functional responses) and consider situations in which the prey do not directly interact and in which they directly compete with one another. We find that predator dependence can facilitate, hinder, or have no effect on prey coexistence depending on whether prey compete directly and the role of predation in mediating coexistence among the prey in the absence of predator dependence. We also show that the negative net effects of prey on one another are generally weakened by predator dependence and can become positive under the Crowley–Martin functional response. Together, these results suggest that predator dependence may have widespread effects on ecological communities by altering the coexistence among prey species and the strength and signs of the interactions among them.

中文翻译：

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依赖捕食者的功能反应改变了共享捕食者的猎物之间的共存和间接影响

捕食者的功能反应将捕食者的进食速度描述为猎物丰富度的函数，并且是捕食者－猎物理论的核心。尽管有充分的证据表明功能性反应也取决于捕食者的丰富度，但结合了依赖于捕食者的功能性反应的理论几乎只集中在专门的捕食者-猎物对或线性食物链上。由于许多捕食者以多个猎物为食，这在我们的知识上留下了很大的空白，并且这样做会在猎物之间产生间接影响，从而改变它们的共存。在这里，我们研究了一个捕食者－两个猎物模型中依赖捕食者的功能响应如何改变猎物之间的共存及其相互影响的净效应。我们使用两种不同的功能响应形式（贝丁顿－德安格利斯和克劳利－马丁功能响应），并考虑了猎物不直接相互作用且彼此直接竞争的情况。我们发现，掠食者依赖性可以促进，阻碍或不影响猎物共存，这取决于猎物是否直接竞争以及在没有捕食者依赖性的情况下，捕食在介导猎物间共存中的作用。我们还表明，捕食者相互依存的负面净效应通常会因捕食者的依赖而减弱，并且在克劳利-马丁功能响应下可能会变为正。一起，