The Fusarium wilt of date palm caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis (Foa) is the most damaging disease in Morocco. It has destroyed more than 12 million trees in the country. Until now, there is no efficient approach to manage this disease. However, biocontrol of soil-borne phytopathogens with compost is currently an established horticultural approach. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of compost extracts in the biocontrol of Foa and their mechanism of action and to investigate parameters involved in compost maturity. Maturity (phytotoxicity test), sanitary quality (pathogen indicators) and in vitro suppressive effect of four composts were investigated. Date palm by-products compost produced with forced aeration composting system is not phytotoxic presenting a germination index of 83.78%. In contrast, two commercial composts were phytotoxic. The maturity was negatively correlated with salinity, C/N ratio and total soluble phenols. Concentrations of pathogen indicators were below suggested limits in all composts. The biocontrol test showed that the date palm wastes compost was more effective; from the sixth day of incubation, the unsterilized extract of this compost at 10% showed the highest antagonistic effect against the pathogen with an inhibition rate of 100%. The inhibition rate using microfiltrated extract didn’t exceed 30%. All autoclaved extracts lost their antagonistic effect against the indicator fungus. Thus, the suppressive effect is mainly due to the indigenous microorganisms. Findings indicate the relevance of maturity in the evaluation of compost quality and the efficiency of date palm wastes compost in the suppression of Foa.

尖孢镰刀菌引起的枣椰子枯萎病。Albedinis（Foa）是摩洛哥最具破坏性的疾病。它摧毁了该国超过1200万棵树木。到目前为止，还没有有效的方法来控制这种疾病。但是，用堆肥对土壤传播的植物病原体进行生物防治是目前公认的园艺方法。这项研究旨在评估堆肥提取物在Foa的生物防治中的作用及其作用机理，并研究涉及堆肥成熟度的参数。成熟度（植物毒性测试），卫生质量（病原体指标）和体外研究了四种堆肥的抑制作用。用强制曝气堆肥系统生产的椰枣副产品堆肥没有植物毒性，发芽指数为83.78％。相反，两种市售堆肥具有植物毒性。成熟度与盐度，碳氮比和总可溶性酚呈负相关。所有堆肥中的病原体指标浓度均低于建议的限值。生物防治测试表明，椰枣废料堆肥更有效。从培养的第六天开始，该堆肥的未灭菌提取物在10％时对病原体的拮抗作用最高，抑制率达100％。微滤提取物的抑制率不超过30％。所有高压灭菌的提取物均失去了对指示真菌的拮抗作用。从而，抑制作用主要是由于本地微生物。研究结果表明成熟度对堆肥质量评估的相关性和枣椰子废料堆肥的抑制效果。福阿。