Abstract

We studied the specific features of the joint activity of the enzyme and low-molecular weight parts of the antioxidant (AO) complex in the tissues of two species of the Black Sea bivalve mollusks with different resistance to oxidative stress: a native species, the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam., and an invader, the ark clam Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906). In the hepatopancreas and the gills and foot of mollusks, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GP), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as the contents of glucose, amino acids, and products that react with thiobarbituric acid (TBA-reactive products), have been analyzed. The enzyme part had a leading role in AO defense in the tissues of the Mediterranean mussel. This is indicated by higher activities of GP (hepatopancreas, gills) and SOD (hepatopancreas, foot) but a smaller content of GSH (gills, foot) as compared with ark clam. In ark clam tissues, the role of low-molecular weight part is significant, which is confirmed by the higher GSH level (gills, foot) in combination with the higher activity of GP (foot) and SOD and catalase (gills) than that observed in the Mediterranean mussel. Unlike the mussel, ark clam tissues showed a more effective joint activity of SOD, catalase, and glutathione system, which resulted in a significantly lower content of LPO products than that found in all of the studied Mediterraneanmussel tissues. These features of the joint activity of the enzyme and low-molecular weight parts of the AO complex of the Mediterranean mussel and ark clam largely determine the difference in the resistance to oxidative stress in the mollusks of these species. The results confirm the prevailing idea of the ark clam as one of the most competitive invaders as compared with native species; it has successfully mastered new biotopes in the Azov-Black Sea basin and has become an important component of benthic communities.

中文翻译：

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两种对氧化应激具有不同抗性的黑海软体动物中抗氧化剂复合物的酶促和低分子量部分：鸡瘟菌（Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam）。和Anadara kagoshimensis（Tokunaga，1906年）

摘要

我们研究了两种对氧化应激具有不同抵抗力的黑海双壳贝类软体动物的酶和抗氧化剂（AO）复合物的低分子量部分的联合活性的特定特征：一种本地物种，地中海贻贝Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam。，以及入侵者方舟蛤Anadara kagoshimensis（永永，1906年）。在肝胰腺和软体动物的ill和足中，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GP），谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）的活性以及其含量已经分析了葡萄糖，氨基酸和与硫代巴比妥酸反应的产物（TBA反应产物）。酶部分在地中海贻贝组织中的AO防御中起主要作用。与方蛤相比，GP（肝胰脏，腮）和SOD（肝胰脏，足）的活性较高，但GSH（腮，足）的含量较低，这表明了这一点。在方蛤c组织中，低分子量部分的作用很重要，这可通过较高的GSH水平（g，脚）与GP（脚），SOD和过氧化氢酶（腮）的活性比地中海贻贝更高。与贻贝不同，方舟蛤showed组织显示出更有效的SOD，过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽系统联合活性，这导致LPO产物的含量明显低于所有研究过的地中海贻贝组织。这些酶与地中海贻贝和方蛤的AO复合物的低分子量部分的联合活性的这些特征在很大程度上决定了这些物种的软体动物对氧化应激的抵抗力的差异。结果证实了与当地物种相比，方舟蛤是最有竞争力的入侵者之一的盛行想法。