Abstract

The article discusses the time frame and the role of the anthropogenic factor in the solonetz process in soils of the desert–steppe zone of the southeastern Russian Plain. Based on the study of soils of different ages buried under the mounds of the Bronze and Middle Ages (6200–700 years ago) within the Salsko–Manych ridge, it was established that the soils of the region did not bear signs of the solonetz process at the macro level before the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC. The first solonetzes in the region began to form 4800–4700 years ago. Their appearance chronologically coincided with the beginning of increased climate aridization. During this period, desert steppes began to be actively inhabited by ancient cattle breeders specializing in breeding small cattle, which resulted in a sharp increase in the load on the soils and ecosystems of the steppe. The article considers the possible cause-effect relationships in the system “climate–economic model–solonetz process.”

中文翻译：

---

俄罗斯东南平原荒漠草原土壤中Solonetz过程起源的时间和成因

摘要

本文讨论了俄罗斯东南部沙漠-草原区土壤中的人为因素在solonetz过程中的时间框架和作用。根据对Salsko-Manych岭内青铜器和中世纪（6200-700年前）丘陵下埋葬的不同年龄土壤的研究，可以确定该地区的土壤没有索伦茨过程的迹象。在公元前第三个千年开始之前的宏观层面。该地区的第一个孤石开始于4800-4700年前形成。它们的出现按时间顺序与增加的气候干旱化相吻合。在此期间，沙漠草原开始被专门从事小牛育种的古代牛育种者积极居住，这导致草原土壤和生态系统的负荷急剧增加。本文考虑了“气候-经济模型-solonetz过程”系统中可能的因果关系。