Abstract

New data on the structure of seedlings, juvenile, immature, virginal, and generative individuals of invasive species Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and A. trifida L. and the time of their transition to different age stages in Moscow and Moscow oblast have been obtained. These data can help in recognition of plants at different stages of their ontogenesis in nature and in their timely control. It has been shown that both species have a high germination rate; however, the pace of development differs, which affects the time of flowering and fruit ripening. For A. artemisiifolia, the duration of the growing season in Moscow and Moscow oblast is not enough to form mature seeds, while A. trifida in these conditions sets high-grade fruits and seeds with high germination capacity. The main propagation path of A. artemisiifolia fruits from the southern regions to the north is the railways. Seed drift of A. trifida is mainly associated with wheeled transport and transport and processing of grain. It has been suggested that A. trifida can potentially be a rather dangerous plant for the northeastern regions of Central Russia as an invasive species, which in the case of massive introduction of diaspores can occupy large areas in disturbed and natural communities and form stable self-renewing populations. The northward movement of A. artemisiifolia is more problematic. However, in consideration of wide adaptive potential of the species, including the shortening of development cycle and the formation of early maturing and female forms, it can be concluded that naturalization of the species in the northeastern regions of Russia is also possible.

中文翻译：

---

莫斯科州入侵性杂草青蒿（Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.）和曲霉A. trifida L.（Asteraceae）的发育

摘要

在莫斯科和莫斯科州，已获得有关入侵物种轻细小草和曲霉的幼苗，幼年，未成熟，初生和有性个体结构的新数据，以及它们过渡到不同年龄阶段的时间。这些数据可以帮助识别处于自然状态下的本体发育的不同阶段的植物，并有助于及时地进行控制。事实表明，这两种物种都有很高的发芽率。但是，发育的速度有所不同，这影响了开花和果实成熟的时间。对于青蒿而言，莫斯科和莫斯科州的生长期不足以形成成熟种子，而三叶草在这些条件下，可以结出具有高发芽能力的高级水果和种子。青蒿从南部到北部的主要繁殖途径是铁路。Trifida的种子漂移主要与轮式运输以及谷物的运输和加工有关。有迹象表明，对于俄罗斯中部东北部的入侵物种而言，曲柄线菌可能是一种相当危险的植物，在大量引入水生孢子的情况下，它可以在受干扰的自然社区中占据大片区域，并形成稳定的自更新人口。青蒿的北移更成问题。但是，考虑到该物种的广泛适应潜力，包括缩短发展周期以及形成早熟和雌性形式，可以得出结论，该物种在俄罗斯东北地区的归化也是可能的。