Abstract—

The article contains a detailed review of existing Russian and foreign approaches for the economic assessment of soil erosion. In Russia, the costs of full soil restoration are determined based on the full time period needed for complete restoration of the soil’s original state. If the costs are difficult to assess, the damage of soil erosion is estimated using the equations that include the area and extent of erosion processes. These calculations include an obligatory element of “lost profit,” i.e., profit lost due to the erosion process. In environmental and economic studies in other countries, soil erosion is most often seen as a global problem for sustainable agriculture, resulting in reduced soil productivity and loss of crop yields and income. Based on the analysis of “Methodological Recommendations for the Identification of Degraded and Contaminated Land” [13] and soil classifications by the degree of washout [17, 21, 22], the associations between the degrees of degradation and the degree of washout of sod-medium-podzolic soils of the Training and Experimental Soil-Ecological Center of Moscow State University were determined. The degree of damage to these soils from erosion processes was then calculated. It was also useful to estimate the amount of lost educational resources in this area, because it is used by the Department of Soil Sciences of Moscow State University. The method of J. von Braun (in terms of scenarios involving ecosystem services) was applied and it was proven that a program for the eroded soil’s restoration should be adopted.

中文翻译：

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土壤侵蚀经济评价案例

摘要-

本文详细介绍了俄罗斯和国外用于土壤侵蚀经济评估的现有方法。在俄罗斯，完全恢复土壤的成本是根据完全恢复土壤原始状态所需的整个时间段确定的。如果成本难以评估，则使用包括侵蚀过程的面积和程度的方程式估算土壤侵蚀的破坏程度。这些计算包括“利润损失”的强制性元素，即由于侵蚀过程而损失的利润。在其他国家的环境和经济研究中，水土流失通常被视为可持续农业的全球性问题，导致土壤生产力下降以及农作物产量和收入损失。基于对“鉴定退化和受污染土地的方法学建议” [13]的分析，并根据洗脱程度对土壤进行分类[17、21、22]，从而得出降解程度与草皮洗脱程度之间的关联确定了莫斯科国立大学训练与实验土壤生态中心的中土土壤。然后计算出侵蚀过程对这些土壤的破坏程度。估计该地区教育资源的损失也很有用，因为它由莫斯科国立大学土壤科学系使用。应用了J. von Braun的方法（就涉及生态系统服务的情景而言），并证明应采用恢复土壤侵蚀的方案。