A review of the experiments performed to date and calculations on the study of doses from secondary neutrons during the operation of medical electron accelerators of various manufacturers is presented. The fundamental differences between the heads of the three largest manufacturers (Varian, Elekta, and Siemens) are given. This article contains data on flux densities and doses for different accelerator models and operating modes. The data analysis showed that the dose from secondary neutrons when irradiating patients on a linear medical accelerator with bremsstrahlung should be taken into account, since its contribution can reach 2.04% at a maximum energy of up to 24 MeV. The contribution to the absorbed dose of secondary neutron fluxes must be evaluated when planning radiation therapy; all other things being equal, it is also necessary to choose modes of operation with the lowest rated energy for treating patients.

中文翻译：

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现代医学加速器运行过程中二次中子的剂量

提出了迄今为止进行的实验的综述以及对不同制造商的医用电子加速器运行过程中来自中子的剂量研究的计算。给出了三个最大的制造商（Varian，Elekta和Siemens）的负责人之间的根本区别。本文包含有关不同加速器型号和操作模式的通量密度和剂量的数据。数据分析表明，在使用secondary致辐射的线性医疗加速器上照射患者时，应考虑次级中子的剂量，因为在最大能量为24 MeV时，其贡献可达到2.04％。在计划放射治疗时，必须评估对次级中子通量吸收剂量的贡献。在其他所有条件都相同的情况下，