Abstract

The current problem with phosphorus fertilizers are shortage of rock phosphate from which it is produced and adverse impact of their production and use on the environment. A promising solution is use of phosphorus-rich biomass of microalgae as biofertilizer, but possible impact of such fertilizers on the biological activity and microbiome of soils remain unknown in many aspects. We investigated the effect of Chlorella vulgaris IPPAS C-1 (Chlorophyceae) biomass application on yield, biological activity, efficacy of the rhizobia- and cyanobacteria-based growth promoting formulations, as well as the microbiome of the soil during cultivation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cvr. “Strela.” Total and specific yield, actual nitrification and denitrification, carbon dioxide and methane emission were determined for soil samples from the rhizosphere. The taxonomic structure of the prokaryotic community of the bean rhizosphere was determined by NGS of 16s rRNA gene amplicons on the Illumina platform. The metagenomic data were analyzed using software tools QIIME and VAMPS. It was found that the application of biomass of C. vulgaris IPPAS C-1 as a phosphorus biofertilizer increased the bulk yield of beans. It also allowed to achieve the specific yield (per plant) level provided by traditional fertilizers. The biomass application did not (i) impact the biological activity of the soil, (ii) did not increase the level of denitrification, and (iii) did not increase significantly the soil emission of the “greenhouse gases.” The Chlorella biomass application hamper the growth-promoting effect of the bacterial preparations made from rhizobia and cyanobacteria. Also, no significant changes in the taxonomic composition of the soil of the rhizosphere microbiome upon the application of the Chlorella biomass were revealed. Collectively, the results indicate the possibility of at least partial replacement of chemical fertilizers with phosphorus biofertilizers from microalgae biomass in the field growing of beans.

中文翻译：

---

施用微藻小球藻Ippas C-1生物量对大豆生长过程中土壤产量，生物活性和微生物组的影响

摘要

磷肥的当前问题是生产磷肥的不足，以及磷肥的生产和使用对环境的不利影响。一种有前途的解决方案是使用富含磷的微藻生物质作为生物肥料，但是这种肥料对土壤生物活性和微生物组的可能影响在许多方面仍然未知。我们调查的效果小球藻豆的培养期间IPPAS C-1（绿藻）的生物质产量的应用，生物活性，所述rhizobia-和蓝藻类的生长促进配方的功效，以及土壤的微生物（菜豆L.）CVR。“斯特拉。” 确定了根际土壤样品的总和比产率，实际硝化和反硝化，二氧化碳和甲烷排放量。通过Illumina平台上16s rRNA基因扩增子的NGS确定了豆根际原核生物群落的分类结构。使用软件工具QIIME和VAMPS分析宏基因组学数据。发现寻常型棒状生物的生物利用IPPAS C-1作为磷生物肥料可提高豆类的总产量。它还可以达到传统肥料提供的特定产量（每株植物）水平。生物量的施用不会（i）影响土壤的生物活性，（ii）不会增加反硝化水平，并且（iii）不会显着增加土壤中“温室气体”的排放。所述小球藻生物质的应用阻碍从根瘤菌和蓝藻所作的细菌制备物的生长促进作用。同样，施用小球藻后，根际微生物组土壤的生物分类组成没有明显变化。揭示了生物量。总的说来，结果表明在豆田中，用微藻生物质中的磷生物肥至少部分替代了化肥。