Abstract

The analysis of solar energy conversion methods in the projects of solar power satellites (SPS) has been conducted and the problems restraining their implementation analysed. Therefore, the article provides grounds for using promising heat-resistant materials of carbonic nanocomposite and low-temperature superconductors in the scheme of solar energy conversion with the purpose of creating SPS projects of a new type with improved weight and size parameters and physical and technical characteristics. The difference between the gyroscopic solar power satellites (GSPSs) with the new thermal conversion system (TCS) and superconductive generator projects and the previous ones lies in the absence of steam and gas turbine plants, a thermal radiator and a system of direction to the sun. The results of assessment of their energy and weight and size parameters have been presented: the thermal efficiency of conversion by the helium as working fluid at concentration of the solar energy of 74 and by the water steam at 38 has made 85% and 62.7% respectively; the specific weight of the entire thermal conversion system has made 2.17 kg/kW and 2.61 kg/kW; its specific capacity – 12.3 and 6.79 kW/m², the specific weight of the GSPS with the new TCS and superconductive generator has made 0.46 and 0.38 kW/kg. The suggested principle of functioning may be used in space power plants, being based on planets and the Moon.

中文翻译：

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具有新型热转换系统和超导发电机的陀螺太阳能卫星

摘要

对太阳能卫星项目中的太阳能转换方法进行了分析，并对制约其实施的问题进行了分析。因此，本文为在太阳能转化方案中使用具有前景的碳纳米复合材料耐热材料和低温超导体提供了依据，目的是创建重量和尺寸参数以及物理和技术特性得到改善的新型SPS项目。 。具有新的热转换系统（TCS）和超导发电机项目的陀螺太阳能卫星（GSPS）与之前的项目之间的区别在于，没有蒸汽和燃气轮机装置，散热器和太阳定向系统。给出了它们的能量，重量和尺寸参数的评估结果：在74的太阳能浓度下，氦作为工作流体转化的热效率和在38的水蒸汽下转化的热效率分别达到85％和62.7％。 ; 整个热转换系统的比重分别为2.17 kg / kW和2.61 kg / kW；其比容量– 12.3和6.79 kW / m^{如图2所示}，采用新型TCS和超导发电机的GSPS的比重分别为0.46和0.38 kW / kg。建议的功能原理可以在基于行星和月球的太空发电厂中使用。