Abstract

Technologies aimed at reducing the consumption of reagents and the environmental impact resulting from the operation of water-treatment equipment in the domestic power industry are analyzed. Attention is focused on the specifics of the reagents' application in membrane-separation technologies. It is noted that the membrane technologies used for water treatment frequently involve the necessity of applying chemical reagents, the ingress of which into the sewage makes the utilization of the latter more difficult and increases the environmental impacts. A conclusion about the impossibility of completely abandoning reagents for water treatment has been made. A method for the environmentally friendly, reagent-free operation of membrane-separation plants has been devised and its viability has been proven by an example of a pilot nanofiltration water-treatment unit for the heat-supply system operating with a water of the potable quality. Approaches have been outlined that allow a reduction in the water-treatment costs of thermal power plants using integrated membrane technologies and/or their combinations with ion exchange. Despite the fact that there is no possibility of completely abandoning reagents for water treatment in common cases, membrane-separation technologies currently constitute the basis for engineering solutions that allow a reduction in the water-treatment costs and even the implementation of reagent-free techniques in particular cases.

中文翻译：

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国内电力行业的无试剂水处理：是神话还是现实？

摘要

分析了旨在减少试剂消耗和因国内电力行业中的水处理设备运行而造成的环境影响的技术。注意的是试剂在膜分离技术中的应用细节。应当指出，用于水处理的膜技术经常涉及施加化学试剂的必要性，化学试剂进入污水中使污水的利用更加困难并增加了环境影响。已得出关于完全放弃用于水处理的试剂的可能性的结论。一种环保的方法，已经设计出了膜分离设备的无试剂操作，并且其可行性已经通过以供饮用水质量运行的供热系统的中试纳滤水处理单元为例进行了证明。已经概述了允许使用集成膜技术和/或它们与离子交换的组合来降低火力发电厂的水处理成本的方法。尽管在通常情况下不可能完全放弃用于水处理的试剂，但膜分离技术目前仍是工程解决方案的基础，该工程解决方案可降低水处理成本，甚至可在工厂中实施无试剂技术。特殊情况。已经概述了允许使用集成膜技术和/或它们与离子交换的组合来降低火力发电厂的水处理成本的方法。尽管在通常情况下不可能完全放弃用于水处理的试剂，但膜分离技术目前仍是工程解决方案的基础，该工程解决方案可降低水处理成本，甚至可在工厂中实施无试剂技术。特殊情况。已经概述了允许使用集成膜技术和/或它们与离子交换的组合来降低火力发电厂的水处理成本的方法。尽管在通常情况下不可能完全放弃用于水处理的试剂，但膜分离技术目前仍是工程解决方案的基础，该工程解决方案可以降低水处理成本，甚至可以在工厂中实施无试剂技术。特殊情况。