Abstract

Temperature dependences of the spectra of aqueous solutions of LiCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl with concentrations of 3 M in the mid-IR range in the temperature range of 39 to 2°C are studied. Average rate \(\frac{{\Delta \nu }}{{\Delta T}}\) of the temperature shift of the wavenumber of the maximum of absorption bands of valence (ν₁, 2ν₂, ν₃), composite ν₂ + ν_L, and deformation ν₂ vibrations of the water molecule for the studied solutions of alkali metal chlorides are obtained. Based on the observed patterns of the displacement of these absorption bands as the temperature changes, a conclusion is drawn regarding structural changes in these solutions. Values \(\frac{{\Delta \nu }}{{\Delta T}}\) for solutions with similar values of distilled water are compared, showing that there are differences between the structural variations in water and in the studied solutions as the temperature changes. The numerical values of the energy and the length of hydrogen bonds between water molecules are calculated with decreasing temperature for all studied solutions; the energy of hydrogen bonds rises as the temperature falls, while their length is reduced in all of the studied solutions.

中文翻译：

---

中红外范围内碱金属氯化物水溶液光谱的温度依赖性

摘要

研究了在39到2°C的中红外范围内浓度为3 M的LiCl，KCl，RbCl，CsCl水溶液的光谱随温度的变化。平均速率\（\压裂{{\德尔塔\ NU}} {{\德尔塔T】} \）的最大价的吸收带的波数的温度变化（ν的₁，2ν ₂，ν ₃），复合ν ₂ +ν_大号，和变形ν _2次的振动为碱金属氯化物的所研究的溶液的水分子的获得。基于观察到的这些吸收带随温度变化的位移模式，得出关于这些溶液中结构变化的结论。价值观比较了蒸馏水值相似的溶液的\（\ frac {{\ Delta \ nu}} {{\ Delta T}} \），这表明水和所研究溶液的结构变化之间存在差异。温度变化。对于所有研究的溶液，随着温度的降低，计算出水分子之间的能量和氢键长度的数值。随着温度的下降，氢键的能量会增加，而在所有研究的溶液中，氢键的长度都会减小。