Abstract

A model independent Lévy expansion method is introduced to describe nearly Lévy shaped squared moduli of Fourier transforms. We apply this method to precisely characterize the most recent elastic scattering data of proton-proton collisions at \(\sqrt s = 13\) TeV. The results reveal a substructure of protons, which is found to be significantly larger and darker in high energy proton-proton collisions at the TeV scale, as compared to a rather faint and apparently overlooked substructure, that we also identify in elastic proton-proton scattering at the ISR energy range of \(\sqrt s = 23{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} 62\) GeV.

中文翻译：

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弹性质子-质子散射的模型无关的FemtoscopicLévy成像

摘要

介绍了一种与模型无关的Lévy展开方法，以描述傅立叶变换的近似Lévy形状的平方模。我们应用此方法来精确表征\（\ sqrt s = 13 \） TeV处质子-质子碰撞的最新弹性散射数据。结果揭示了质子的子结构，与我们在弹性质子-质子散射中也发现的相当微弱且明显被忽略的子结构相比，在TeV尺度的高能质子-质子碰撞中，质子的子结构明显更大且更暗。 ISR能量范围为\（\ sqrt s = 23 {\ kern 1pt}-{\ kern 1pt} 62 \） GeV。