Plants face different types of stresses, including biotic and abiotic stresses. Among various abiotic stress, low-temperature stress alters various morphological, cytological, physiological, and other biochemical processes in plants. To thrive in such condition’s plants must adopt some strategy. Out of various strategies, the approach of using plant growth regulators (PGRs) gained a prominent role in the alleviation of multiple stresses. Salicylic acid, application triggers tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses via regulation of various morpho-physiological, cytological, and biochemical attributes. SA is shown to alleviate and regulate the various cold-induced changes. Both endogenous and exogenously applied SA show an imperative role in the alleviation of cold-induced changes by activating multiple signaling pathways like ABA-dependent or independent pathway, Ca 2+ signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) pathway, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) pathways. Activation of these pathways leads to the amelioration of the cold-induced changes by increasing production of antioxidants, osmolytes, HSPs and other cold-responsive proteins like LEA, dehydrins, AFPs, PR proteins, and various other proteins. This review describes the tolerance of cold stress by SA in plants through the involvement of different stress signaling pathways.

中文翻译：

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水杨酸在对抗植物冷胁迫中的多方面作用：综述

植物面临不同类型的胁迫，包括生物和非生物胁迫。在各种非生物胁迫中，低温胁迫改变了植物的各种形态、细胞学、生理和其他生化过程。要在这种条件下茁壮成长，植物必须采取一些策略。在各种策略中，使用植物生长调节剂 (PGR) 的方法在缓解多重压力方面发挥了重要作用。水杨酸的应用通过调节各种形态生理学、细胞学和生化属性来触发对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性。SA 被证明可以减轻和调节各种寒冷引起的变化。内源性和外源性 SA 通过激活多种信号通路，如 ABA 依赖或独立通路、Ca 2+ 信号通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (MAPKs) 通路、活性氧，在缓解寒冷诱导的变化方面发挥重要作用(ROS) 和活性氮物质 (RNS) 途径。这些通路的激活通过增加抗氧化剂、渗透物、HSP 和其他冷响应蛋白（如 LEA、脱水蛋白、AFP、PR 蛋白和各种其他蛋白质）的产生，导致改善冷诱导的变化。这篇综述描述了植物中 SA 通过参与不同的胁迫信号通路对冷胁迫的耐受性。和活性氮物质 (RNS) 途径。这些通路的激活通过增加抗氧化剂、渗透物、HSP 和其他冷响应蛋白（如 LEA、脱水蛋白、AFP、PR 蛋白和各种其他蛋白质）的产生，导致改善冷诱导的变化。这篇综述描述了植物中 SA 通过参与不同的胁迫信号通路对冷胁迫的耐受性。和活性氮物质 (RNS) 途径。这些通路的激活通过增加抗氧化剂、渗透物、HSP 和其他冷响应蛋白（如 LEA、脱水蛋白、AFP、PR 蛋白和各种其他蛋白质）的产生，导致改善冷诱导的变化。这篇综述描述了植物中 SA 通过参与不同的胁迫信号通路对冷胁迫的耐受性。