The topic of women in graduate education has been central to many calls for action in increasing diversity and inclusion in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The field of physics has been particularly resistant to change in the significant overrepresentation of men, while also being similar to the field of astronomy which has a higher overall representation of women than many other physical sciences. Little research has been done in the field of astronomy to better understand how women can be supported in other physical sciences. This paper presents an analysis of five women students in a U.S. astronomy graduate program. The results indicate the women in this study relied on student-student collaboration to succeed through their coursework and exams, while faculty and post-doctorate support were critical for their research perseverance. Furthermore, the career goals of these successful students indicate the importance of considering multiple life goals in determining a student’s pathway, and potentially suggests that the way faculty careers progress needs to be reconsidered if the field wants more diverse faculty and role models.

中文翻译：

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研究生天文学课程中五名女性的教育支持和职业目标

研究生教育中的女性主题一直是许多呼吁采取行动以提高多样性和融入科学，技术，工程和数学的中心。物理领域特别抵抗男性过分代表的重大变化，同时也与天文学领域类似，后者比许多其他物理科学具有更高的女性代表。在天文学领域，几乎没有进行任何研究来更好地理解如何在其他物理科学领域为女性提供支持。本文对美国天文学研究生课程中的五名女学生进行了分析。结果表明，本研究中的女性依靠学生与学生的合作来成功完成课程和考试，教师和博士后的支持对于他们的研究毅力至关重要。此外，这些成功学生的职业目标表明，在确定学生的学习途径时考虑多个人生目标的重要性，并可能暗示，如果该领域需要更多多样化的教师和榜样，则需要重新考虑教师职业发展的方式。