Abstract Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis together with principal component analysis revealed that geographical origin influenced the yield and composition of the essential oils (EOs) extracted by hydrodistillation performed for 3 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus, from the cones of Cedrus libani A. Rich., growing wild at four Lebanese natural reserves and protected areas: Bsharri, Chouf, Ehden, and Tannourine, and from a cultivated cedar growing in Qartaba. Essential oil chemical variability established between the different studied provenances suggested the involvement of abiotic factors such as geographical conditions, cultivation conditions, soil composition, and environmental factors in the chemical polymorphism of C. libani cones EOs. α-Pinene/β-pinene characterized Ehden (β-pinene 35.6%/α-pinene 27.7%), Chouf (α-pinene 37.3%/β-pinene 26.1%), Bsharri (α-pinene 27.7%/β-pinene 21.4%), and Tannourine (α-pinene 25.1%/β-pinene 16.0%) samples, whereas Qartaba EO was distinguished by the dominance of myrcene (30.6%), α-pinene(26%), and limonene (14.1%). Comparison with the existing literature reinforced the chemical variability of C. libani EOs. This current study helped the estimation of a best harvest location for a good EO quality production, resource optimization, and pharmacological properties evaluation, according to the market demand.

中文翻译：

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地理来源对 Cedrus libani A. Rich 视锥精油产量和成分的影响。与文献调查相比，黎巴嫩保护区的增长和变异性评估

摘要 气相色谱-质谱分析和主成分分析表明，地理来源影响了从 Cedrus libani A 的锥体中使用 Clevenger 型设备进行 3 小时水蒸馏提取的精油 (EO) 的产量和组成。丰富，生长在四个黎巴嫩自然保护区和保护区：Bsharri、Chouf、Ehden 和 Tannourine，以及生长在 Qartaba 的栽培雪松。在不同研究来源之间建立的精油化学变异性表明非生物因素如地理条件、栽培条件、土壤成分和环境因素涉及 C. libani 锥 EO 的化学多态性。α-蒎烯/β-蒎烯表征了 Ehden（β-蒎烯 35.6%/α-蒎烯 27.7%）、Chouf（α-蒎烯 37。3%/β-蒎烯 26.1%)、Bsharri（α-蒎烯 27.7%/β-蒎烯 21.4%）和单宁酸（α-蒎烯 25.1%/β-蒎烯 16.0%）样品，而 Qartaba EO 则以优势区分月桂烯 (30.6%)、α-蒎烯 (26%) 和柠檬烯 (14.1%)。与现有文献的比较加强了 C. libani EOs 的化学变异性。目前的这项研究有助于根据市场需求估计最佳采收地点，以实现良好的 EO 质量生产、资源优化和药理特性评估。