Abstract Evidently, some relaxation dynamics, e.g. exponential decays, are much more common in nature than others. Recently there have been attempts to explain this observation on the basis of “typicality of perturbations” with respect to their impact on expectation value dynamics. These theories suggest that a majority of the very numerous, possible Hamiltonian perturbations entail more or less the same type of alteration of the decay dynamics. Thus, in this paper, we study how the approach towards equilibrium in closed quantum systems is altered due to weak perturbations. To this end, we perform numerical experiments on a particular, exemplary spin system. We compare our numerical data to predictions from three particular theories. We find satisfying agreement in the weak perturbation regime for one of these approaches.

中文翻译：

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模拟哈密顿扰动对期望值动态的影响

摘要 显然，一些松弛动力学，例如指数衰减，在自然界中比其他动力学更为常见。最近，有人试图根据“扰动的典型性”来解释这一观察结果，即它们对期望值动态的影响。这些理论表明，在数量众多的、可能的哈密顿扰动中，大多数都会或多或少地引起衰减动力学的相同类型的改变。因此，在本文中，我们研究了如何由于微扰动而改变封闭量子系统中的平衡方法。为此，我们对特定的示例性自旋系统进行了数值实验。我们将我们的数值数据与来自三个特定理论的预测进行比较。我们在这些方法之一的弱扰动机制中找到了令人满意的一致性。