Difficult-to-biodegrade fractions (DBFs) generated from the biological treatment of food waste (FW) account for approximately 30% of the actual waste. These wastes are difficult to degrade or are considered indigestible residues of the aerobic and anaerobic fermentation treatment of FW treatment facilities. The currently applied disposal routes for DBFs exert environmental pressure and underutilize waste as resources. Therefore, these challenges must be overcome. An innovative strategy for the enhancement of the energy value and beneficial products from FW and the associated DBFs is proposed in this review. We propose conceptual future optimization routes for FW and DBFs via three types of technology integration. Pyrolysis techniques thoroughly treat DBFs to produce various value-added bio-energy products, such as pyrogenic bio-char, syngas, and bio-oil. Anaerobic digestion treats FW while utilizing pyrolysis products for robust performance enhancement and bio-methane upgrade. This holistic route offers conceptual information and proper direction as crucial knowledge for real application to harness the inherent resources of waste streams generated from FW treatment facilities.

中文翻译：

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餐厨垃圾处理设施对整体垃圾进行估价的机会：回顾

从食物垃圾（FW）的生物处理中产生的难降解部分（DBF）约占实际浪费的30％。这些废物很难降解，或者被认为是FW处理设备的好氧和厌氧发酵处理的不可消化残余物。DBF当前采用的处置路线施加了环境压力，并没有充分利用废物作为资源。因此，必须克服这些挑战。在这篇评论中，提出了一种创新的策略，旨在提高FW和相关DBF的能源价值和有益产品。我们通过三种类型的技术集成为FW和DBF提出了概念性的未来优化路线。热解技术可以彻底处理DBF，以生产各种增值的生物能源产品，例如热解生物炭，合成气，和生物油。厌氧消化可处理FW，同时利用热解产品增强性能并改善生物甲烷气。该整体路线提供了概念性信息和正确的指导，作为实际应用中的关键知识，可以利用从固件处理设施产生的废物流的固有资源。