Abstract Detoxification and management of environmental contaminants is an exigent issue of current times. Sulfonylurea herbicide, Bensulfuron-methyl was investigated for its degradation demeanour in soils, through biotic and abiotic modes (biodegradation and hydrolysis). Solid-liquid extraction of the herbicide was followed by GC-MS and UV-visible spectrophotometry analysis. The main metabolites observed were pyrimidinamine [149 m/z] and benzylsulfonamide [182 m/z]. The rate of biodegradation achieved by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum was 95% and 71%, respectively. The maximal decline in Bensulfuron-methyl concentration through hydrolysis was 48%. Furthermore, hydrolytic elimination was also evaluated based on time and pH. Both these parameters had a strong influence on the rate of transformation. Soils with lower pH exhibited an increased rate of degradation while a temperature of 27±2°C gave ideal conditions for herbicide decomposition. Percentage degradation and rate constant (k) followed first order reaction kinetics. Non-inoculated soils displayed less amounts of degradation. Furthermore, relative standard deviations were calculated for the residuals extracted in all soils. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) provided a p value < 0.05 for both strains with R2 closer to 1 signifying the significance of the results. Both fungal strains proved their potential for Bensulfuron-methyl remediation in soils.

中文翻译：

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通过生物和非生物降解模式评估 2-({[(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)氨基甲酰基]氨磺酰基}甲基)苯甲酸甲酯

摘要 环境污染物的解毒与治理是当今时代的紧迫问题。通过生物和非生物模式（生物降解和水解）研究了磺酰脲类除草剂苯磺隆在土壤中的降解行为。对除草剂进行固液萃取，然后进行 GC-MS 和紫外-可见分光光度法分析。观察到的主要代谢物是嘧啶胺 [149 m/z] 和苄基磺酰胺 [182 m/z]。黑曲霉和黄青霉的生物降解率分别为 95% 和 71%。通过水解使苄嘧磺隆浓度的最大下降为 48%。此外，还根据时间和 pH 值评估水解消除。这两个参数对转化率都有很大的影响。具有较低 pH 值的土壤表现出更高的降解速率，而 27±2°C 的温度为除草剂分解提供了理想的条件。降解百分比和速率常数 (k) 遵循一级反应动力学。未接种的土壤显示出较少量的降解。此外，计算了所有土壤中提取的残留物的相对标准偏差。方差分析 (ANOVA) 提供两种菌株的 p 值 < 0.05，R2 更接近 1，表示结果的显着性。两种真菌菌株都证明了它们在土壤中修复苯磺隆的潜力。未接种的土壤显示出较少量的降解。此外，计算了所有土壤中提取的残留物的相对标准偏差。方差分析 (ANOVA) 提供两种菌株的 p 值 < 0.05，R2 更接近 1，表示结果的显着性。两种真菌菌株都证明了它们在土壤中修复苯磺隆的潜力。未接种的土壤显示出较少量的降解。此外，计算了所有土壤中提取的残留物的相对标准偏差。方差分析 (ANOVA) 提供两种菌株的 p 值 < 0.05，R2 更接近 1，表示结果的显着性。两种真菌菌株都证明了它们在土壤中修复苯磺隆的潜力。