Abstract Canonical statistical mechanics hinges on two quantities, i. e., state degeneracy and the Boltzmann factor, the latter of which usually dominates thermodynamic behaviors. A recently identified phenomenon (supradegeneracy) reverses this order of dominance and predicts effects for equilibrium that are normally associated with non-equilibrium, including population inversion and steady-state particle and energy currents. This study examines two thermodynamic paradoxes that arise from supradegeneracy and proposes laboratory experiments by which they might be resolved.

中文翻译：

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超简并性和热力学第二定律

摘要 规范统计力学取决于两个量，即。例如，状态简并和玻尔兹曼因子，后者通常主导热力学行为。最近发现的一种现象（超均性）逆转了这种支配顺序，并预测了通常与非平衡相关的平衡效应，包括种群倒置和稳态粒子和能量流。这项研究检查了由超均性引起的两个热力学悖论，并提出了可以解决这些悖论的实验室实验。