Abstract Chopped jute fiber (JF) surfaces were modified using alkaline, silane and eco-grade epoxy resin. Surface characteristics of jute fibers were confirmed by FTIR and EDX analyses. JF filled polyurethane elastomer (TPU) composites were prepared via extrusion process. The effect of surface modifications of JF on mechanical, thermo-mechanical, melt-flow, water uptake and morphological properties of TPU-based eco-composites were investigated by tensile and hardness tests, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), melt flow index (MFI) test, water absorption measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, respectively. Mechanical test results showed that silane and epoxy treated JF additions led to increase in tensile strength, modulus and hardness of TPU. Glass transition temperature (Tg) of TPU rose up to higher values after JF inclusions regardless of treatment type. Si-JF filled TPU exhibited the lowest water absorption among composites. Surface treated JFs displayed homogeneous dispersion into TPU and their surface were covered by TPU according to SEM micro-photographs. Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

---

通过纤维表面化学处理增强 TPU/黄麻纤维绿色复合材料的机械、热和吸水性能

摘要 使用碱性、硅烷和生态级环氧树脂对短切黄麻纤维 (JF) 表面进行改性。黄麻纤维的表面特性通过 FTIR 和 EDX 分析得到证实。JF 填充聚氨酯弹性体 (TPU) 复合材料是通过挤出工艺制备的。通过拉伸和硬度测试、动态力学分析 (DMA)、熔体流动指数 (MFI) 研究了 JF 的表面改性对 TPU 基生态复合材料的机械、热机械、熔体流动、吸水率和形态性能的影响) 测试、吸水率测量和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 技术。机械测试结果表明，硅烷和环氧树脂处理的 JF 添加导致 TPU 的拉伸强度、模量和硬度增加。无论处理类型如何，在 JF 夹杂物之后，TPU 的玻璃化转变温度 (Tg) 都会上升到更高的值。Si-JF 填充的 TPU 在复合材料中表现出最低的吸水率。根据 SEM 显微照片，经过表面处理的 JF 在 TPU 中表现出均匀的分散性，并且它们的表面被 TPU 覆盖。图形概要