ZnO films are deposited on optically transparent electrodes (OTE) by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) and those are utilized as the electron transporting layer (ETL) of perovskite solar cells (PSC). PLD conditions are tuned to optimize the ZnO films in order to achieve an efficient device. Along nanostructure, nano-electrical conducting characteristics of the ETL films, which are measured by conducting atomic force microscopy (c-AFM), are found to be the guiding factor in determining the photovoltaic properties of the devices.

中文翻译：

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纳米电导率指导的脉冲激光沉积ZnO电子传输层对高效钙钛矿太阳能电池的优化

ZnO膜通过脉冲激光沉积（PLD）沉积在光学透明电极（OTE）上，并被用作钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的电子传输层（ETL）。调整PLD条件以优化ZnO膜，以实现高效的器件。沿着纳米结构，通过传导原子力显微镜（c-AFM）测量的ETL膜的纳米导电特性被发现是确定器件光伏特性的指导因素。