Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of a plant extract rich in condensed tannins on the fermentation profile, contents of biogenic amines and mycotoxins, chemical composition and aerobic stability of rehydrated corn silage. Kernels were milled (4.5-mm sieve), rehydrated (aiming for 350 g/kg moisture) and treated with a plant extract from the plant Schinopsis lorentzii at the following doses: 0, 5, 10, 30 and 50 g/kg dry matter (DM) before ensiling. Nylon-polyethylene vacuum-sealed bags were used as experimental silos (3 kg per silo). On the one hand, the additive reduced the DM losses and gaseous losses. On the other hand, the addition of the plant extract resulted in higher pH values due to the formation of less lactic acid, probably related to the inhibition of bacterial growth. The concentrations of ammonia, ethanol and acetic acid were also reduced due to the plant extract addition. The reduction in the acetic acid concentration led to higher counts of yeast and lower aerobic stability in silage treated with the highest dose of extract (50 g/kg). Silage treated with the plant extract had higher DM concentration as well as higher contents of condensed tannins, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber and lower contents of starch and protein. The application of the plant extract linearly decreased the ruminal in situ DM degradability of the corn grain silage. The plant extract reduced the proteolysis and the formation of putrescine, cadaverine, spermine, spermidine, and pyrrolidine, while increased histamine and isopropyl amine concentrations. A linear increase was detected in the aflatoxin concentration in the treated silages. Based on these results, condensed tannins may support the fermentation process especially the proteolysis. However, quebracho tannin are not recommended for addition to corn grain silage in dosages higher than 30 g/kg DM.

中文翻译：

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用白木提取物的缩合单宁处理再水化玉米粒的发酵特性和卫生质量

摘要 本研究的目的是评估富含缩合单宁的植物提取物对再水化玉米青贮饲料的发酵曲线、生物胺和真菌毒素的含量、化学成分和有氧稳定性的影响。将籽粒磨碎（4.5 毫米筛），再水化（目标为 350 g/kg 水分）并用来自植物 Schinopsis lorentzii 的植物提取物按以下剂量处理：0、5、10、30 和 50 g/kg 干物质(DM) 青贮前。尼龙-聚乙烯真空密封袋用作实验筒仓（每个筒仓 3 kg）。一方面，添加剂减少了DM损失和气体损失。另一方面，由于形成较少的乳酸，植物提取物的添加导致较高的 pH 值，这可能与抑制细菌生长有关。氨的浓度，由于添加了植物提取物，乙醇和乙酸也减少了。在用最高剂量的提取物（50 g/kg）处理的青贮饲料中，乙酸浓度的降低导致更高的酵母计数和更低的有氧稳定性。用植物提取物处理的青贮饲料具有较高的DM浓度以及较高的缩合单宁、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量以及较低的淀粉和蛋白质含量。植物提取物的应用线性降低了玉米青贮饲料的瘤胃原位 DM 降解能力。植物提取物减少了蛋白水解和腐胺、尸胺、精胺、亚精胺和吡咯烷的形成，同时增加了组胺和异丙胺的浓度。在处理过的青贮饲料中检测到黄曲霉毒素浓度呈线性增加。基于这些结果，缩合单宁可能支持发酵过程，尤其是蛋白水解。但是，不建议将白木单宁以高于 30 g/kg DM 的剂量添加到玉米青贮饲料中。