In 2007, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) was approved for use in humans at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL with absorbable collagen sponges as an alternative to autogenous bone grafts for alveolar ridge augmentation, defects associated with extraction sockets, and sinus augmentation. However, the use of supraphysiological doses and the insufficient retention of rhBMP-2, when delivered through collagen sponge, result in dose-dependent side effects related to off-label use. Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM), an osteoinducing bone substrate, has been used as an rhBMP-2 carrier since 1998. In addition, DDM has both microparticle and nanoparticle structures, which do not undergo remodeling, unlike bone. In vitro, DDM is a suitable carrier for BMP-2, with the continued release over 30 days at concentrations sufficient to stimulate osteogenic differentiation. In this review, we discuss the histological outcomes of DDM loaded with rhBMP-2 to highlight the biological functions of exogenous rhBMP-2 associated with the DDM carrier in clinical applications in implant dentistry.

中文翻译：

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组织脱盐牙本质基质作为rhBMP-2的载体。

2007年，重组人骨形态发生蛋白2（rhBMP-2）被批准以1.5 mg / mL的浓度用于人体，并带有可吸收的胶原海绵，作为自体骨移植物的替代品，用于牙槽充盈，与拔牙窝相关和鼻窦增大。然而，当通过胶原蛋白海绵递送时，超生理剂量的使用和rhBMP-2的保留不足会导致与标签外使用相关的剂量依赖性副作用。自1998年以来，脱矿质牙本质基质（DDM）（一种可诱导骨的骨基质）就被用作rhBMP-2载体。此外，DDM具有微粒和纳米结构，与骨骼不同，它们不发生重塑。体外，DDM是BMP-2的合适载体，在足以刺激成骨分化的浓度下连续30天释放。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了装载有rhBMP-2的DDM的组织学结果，以突出与DDM载体相关的外源rhBMP-2在种植牙的临床应用中的生物学功能。