In recent decades, the number of studies on the occurrence of resistant strains in wildlife animals has increased significantly, but data are still fragmentary. The aim of this study was to evaluate drug resistance of Escherichia coli strains isolated from wild carnivorous mammals, common in Poland. Selective media with antimicrobials (tetracycline, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, and cefotaxime) were used for isolation. Of 53 isolates shown to be distinct by the amplification of DNA fragments surrounding rare restriction site-fingerprinting method, 77.8% were multidrug-resistant (multidrug-resistant). All strains were resistant to ampicillin and many of them also exhibited resistance to tetracycline (76.2%), sulfamethoxazole (57.1%), streptomycin and kanamycin (49.2%), chloramphenicol (30.1%), and nalidixic acid (46%). In most cases, the phenotypic resistance profile was confirmed by detection of relevant genes mostly occurring in strains isolated from livestock animals and humans. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing strains were detected in one mink and three martens. The strains were carriers of bla_TEM-1,bla_TEM-135, and bla_CTX-M-15 genes. Our research confirmed a high carrier rate of MDR E. coli, even more than one MDR strain in a single individual; therefore, wider monitoring in this group of animals should be considered.

中文翻译：

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野生食肉哺乳动物作为波兰耐多药大肠杆菌菌株污染环境的一面镜子。

近几十年来，有关野生动物中抗药性菌株发生的研究数量已大大增加，但数据仍然零碎。这项研究的目的是评估大肠杆菌的耐药性从野生食肉哺乳动物中分离出的菌株，在波兰很常见。具有抗菌剂（四环素，卡那霉素，氯霉素和头孢噻肟）的选择性培养基用于分离。通过围绕稀有限制性位点指纹图谱的DNA片段扩增显示出53个分离株，这些分离株中有77.8％具有多重耐药性（multidrug-耐药）。所有菌株均对氨苄西林具有抗性，其中许多菌株还对四环素（76.2％），磺胺甲恶唑（57.1％），链霉素和卡那霉素（49.2％），氯霉素（30.1％）和萘啶酸（46％）具有抗性。在大多数情况下，通过检测主要存在于从牲畜和人分离的菌株中的相关基因，可以确定表型耐药性。在1只貂和3只貂中检测到产生广谱β-内酰胺酶的菌株。bla _TEM-1，bla _TEM-135和bla _CTX-M-15基因。我们的研究证实，耐多药大肠埃希菌具有很高的携带率，单个患者甚至超过一种耐多药菌株。因此，应该考虑对这一组动物进行更广泛的监测。