Older adults face physiological, psychological, social, and economic changes, which may impair nutritional status, making the body vulnerable to illness and adverse clinical outcomes. Little is known regarding the nutritional status among elderly people living with HIV (PLHIV). We aimed to study the prevalence of malnutrition and the associated factors in a Thai aging cohort. A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLHIV >50 years of age on long-term antiretroviral therapy and HIV-negative controls, frequency matched by sex and age in Bangkok, Thailand. Nutritional status was assessed by the Mini Nutrition Assessment (MNA) tool. Abnormal nutritional status was defined as MNA score <24 (malnutrition and at risk of malnutrition). Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis using Body Composition Analyzer. Demographic and disease-related factors were assessed for their association with abnormal nutrition status using multivariable logistic regression. There were 349 PLHIV and 103 HIV-uninfected controls, with median age 55 years. The majority were male (63%) with median body mass index (BMI) of 23.4 kg/m². PLHIV had lower BMI [median, 23.1 (IQR, 20.8–25.2) vs. 25.3 (22.3–28.7) kg/m², p < .001], lower fat percent [22.8% vs. 26.3%, p < .001] and lower fat mass [14.2 vs. 16.9 kg, p < .001] and higher abnormal nutritional status (18.05% vs. 6.8%, p = .005) than controls. In the multivariate model, older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.06, 95% confident interval [CI]: 1.01–1.12, p = .03), positive HIV status (aOR, 2.67, 95% CI: 1.07–6.65, p = .036), diabetes mellitus (aOR, 2.21, 95% CI: 1.003–4.87, p = .049), lower fat mass (aOR, 0.70, 95%CI: 0.57–0.86, p < .001), and lower BMI (aOR, 0.63, 95% CI: 0.51–0.78, p < .001) were independently associated with abnormal nutritional status. PLHIV had higher risks for abnormal nutritional status compared with HIV-uninfected individuals. Regular screening and monitoring of nutritional status among PLHIV may promote better health outcomes.

中文翻译：

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与艾滋病毒阴性的个体相比，受到良好抑制的艾滋病毒感染的亚洲老年人中营养状况异常的比例更高。

老年人面临生理，心理，社会和经济方面的变化，这可能会损害营养状况，使身体容易患病和不良的临床后果。关于艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）的营养状况知之甚少。我们旨在研究泰国人口老龄化人群中营养不良的发生率及其相关因素。在泰国曼谷，对年龄超过50岁的PLHIV进行了长期抗逆转录病毒疗法和HIV阴性对照的横断面研究，其频率与性别和年龄相匹配。营养状况通过迷你营养评估（MNA）工具进行评估。营养状况异常定义为MNA得分<24（营养不良和营养不良的风险）。使用人体成分分析仪通过生物电阻抗分析来测量人体成分。使用多变量logistic回归评估了人口统计学和疾病相关因素与异常营养状况的关系。有349名PLHIV和103名未感染HIV的对照，中位年龄为55岁。多数为男性（63％），中位体重指数（BMI）为23.4 kg / m²。PLHIV的BMI较低[中位数，分别为23.1（IQR，20.8–25.2）与25.3（22.3–28.7）kg / m ²，p  <.001]，脂肪百分比较低[22.8％与26.3％，p  <.001]和较低的脂肪量[14.2 vs. 16.9 kg，p  <.001]和异常营养状况较高（18.05％vs. 6.8％，p  = .005）。在多变量模型中，年龄较大（校正比值比[aOR]，1.06，95％置信区间[CI]：1.01-1.12，p  = .03），HIV阳性（aOR，2.67，95％CI：1.07-6.65） ，p  = .036），糖尿病（aOR，2.21，95％CI：1.003–4.87，p  = .049），较低的脂肪量（aOR，0.70，95％CI：0.57–0.86，p <0.01）和较低的BMI（aOR，0.63，95％CI：0.51-0.78，p  <.001）与营养状况异常独立相关。与未感染艾滋病毒的人相比，艾滋病毒感染者营养状况异常的风险更高。定期筛查和监测艾滋病毒感染者的营养状况可以促进更好的健康结果。