In this paper, on the basis of multifunctional reconfigurable pixel antenna (RPA) elements, a novel linear sparse array with an attractive compound reconfigurability is presented. It has the potential advantages of its beam scanning with low gain fluctuation, low sidelobe in two orthogonal planes, and polarization reconfigurable performance. Specifically, an RPA with simultaneous polarization and pattern reconstruction capabilities, consisting of the driven patch and the parasitic pixels on the same layer of dielectric substrate, is firstly designed, which can work in several operation modes corresponding to steerable beam directions with two circular polarizations in X-band. Cross-slot coupling feed is used to improve polarization reconstruction capability and reduce the complexity of hybrid reconstruction topology optimization. Then, those RPAs are integrated into the linear sparse array to realize the reconfiguration of two circular polarizations and beam steering in xoz- and yoz-plane. Simulation results show that the gain fluctuation and sidelobe level of the array during beam scanning have significant advantages over the previous phased array, and the generation of antenna grating lobes is avoided. Moreover, both RPA element and RPA array prototypes have been fabricated and measured to testify the efficiency. The measured results agree well with the simulated ones, which indicates the application potential in the field of modern wireless communication system of the proposed linear sparse array.

中文翻译：

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具有可重构像素天线元件的新型线性稀疏阵列

本文在多功能可重构像素天线（RPA）元件的基础上，提出了一种具有有吸引力的复合可重构性的新型线性稀疏阵列。它具有以下优点：光束扫描具有低增益波动，两个正交平面中的旁瓣低以及偏振可重构性能。具体地，首先设计具有同时偏振和图案重构能力的RPA，其由驱动的贴片和介电衬底的同一层上的寄生像素组成，其可以在对应于可控束方向的几种操作模式下工作在X波段有两个圆极化。跨槽耦合馈源用于提高极化重建能力并降低混合重建拓扑优化的复杂性。然后，将这些RPA集成到线性稀疏阵列中，以实现两个圆偏振的重新配置以及以xoz和yoz进行光束转向飞机。仿真结果表明，波束扫描过程中阵列的增益波动和旁瓣电平比以前的相控阵具有明显优势，避免了天线光栅瓣的产生。此外，RPA元件和RPA阵列原型均已制作和测量以证明效率。测量结果与仿真结果吻合较好，表明所提出的线性稀疏阵列在现代无线通信系统领域中的应用潜力。