Background. Helicobacter pylori is detected in various extragastric diseases, including biliary tract cancers. Besides, gallbladder cancers, extracholangiocarcinomas, and intracholangiocarcinomas are highly lethal cancers with limited survival due to their late diagnosis. Epidemiological data on Helicobacter pylori infection and biliary tract cancer have been contradictory. Aim. The aim of this study is to explore and evaluate the association between the Helicobacter pylori infection and biliary tract cancer. Materials and Methods. Systematic literature research was carried out to identify all eligible articles. All relevant publications from 2000 to 2019 were retrieved using comprehensive combinations of keywords. We used a random effects model to calculate pooled prevalence estimates, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for odds ratio were also calculated. Quantitative assessment of heterogeneity was explored by the chi-square test and was measured using I². Results. Thirteen case-control studies published between 2001 and 2018 were included. The overall meta-analysis favoured a significant association between Helicobacter pylori infection and biliary tract cancer (OR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.35–4.91; I² = 58%). Geographic distribution-based subgroup analysis showed a higher prevalence of H. pylori in Asian and North American countries. Evidence supporting the higher presence of Helicobacter pylori in a cancer group was found by PCR. In another subgroup, the ORs were 4.18 (2.03, 8.58) in cholangiocarcinoma, 1.36 (0.34, 5.44) in gallbladder cancer, and 5.93 (1.89, 18.63) in other biliary tract cancers. Conclusion. This meta-analysis suggests that infection of the biliary tract with Helicobacter pylori is related to an increased risk of biliary tract cancers.

中文翻译：

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幽门螺杆菌和胆道癌：荟萃分析

背景。在各种胃外疾病（包括胆道癌）中检测到幽门螺杆菌。此外，胆囊癌，胆管外癌和胆管内癌是高致死性癌症，由于诊断晚，生存期有限。关于幽门螺杆菌感染和胆道癌的流行病学数据是矛盾的。目的。这项研究的目的是探索和评估幽门螺杆菌感染与胆道癌之间的关联。材料和方法。进行系统的文献研究以鉴定所有合格的文章。使用关键词的全面组合检索了2000年至2019年的所有相关出版物。我们使用随机效应模型来计算合并患病率估计值，并且还计算了95％的置信区间（CI）的比值比。通过卡方检验探索对异质性的定量评估，并使用I ²进行测量。结果。纳入了2001年至2018年发表的13项病例对照研究。总体荟萃分析支持幽门螺杆菌感染与胆道癌之间的显着相关性（OR，2.57； 95％CI，1.35-4.91；I ² = 58％）。基于地理分布的亚组分析显示幽门螺杆菌在亚洲和北美国家的患病率较高。通过PCR发现支持幽门螺杆菌在癌症组中较高存在的证据。在另一亚组中，胆管癌的OR为4.18（2.03，8.58），胆囊癌的OR为1.36（0.34，5.44），其他胆道癌的OR为5.93（1.89，18.63）。结论。这项荟萃分析表明，幽门螺杆菌感染胆道与患胆道癌的风险增加有关。