The goal was to examine gender differences of patient characteristics and outcome after cartilage repair based on a collective of nearly 5,000 patients. Patient characteristics, accompanying therapies, and outcome (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS], reoperations, patient satisfaction) of 4,986 patients of the German cartilage register DGOU were assessed by t test for possible gender differences. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Women were older than men (38.07 ± 12.54 vs. 26.94 ± 12.394 years, P = 0.002), more often preoperated (0.30 ± 0.63 vs. 0.24 ± 0.55, P = 0.001), and had a longer symptom duration (25.22 ± 41.20 vs. 20.67 ± 35.32 months, P < 0.001). Men had greater mean leg axis malalignment than women (3.24° ± 3.26° vs. 2.67° ± 3.06°, P < 0.001), less favorable meniscal status (P = 0.001), worse defect stage (P = 0.006), and a more severely damaged corresponding articular surface (P = 0.042). At baseline (59.84 ± 17.49 vs. 52.10 ± 17.77, P < 0.001), after 6 months (72.83 ± 15.56 vs. 66.56 ± 17.66, P < 0.001), after 12 months (77.88 ± 15.95 vs. 73.07 ± 18.12, P < 0.001), and after 24 months (79.311 ± 15.94 vs. 74.39 ± 18.81, P < 0.001), men had better absolute KOOS values, but women had better relative KOOS increases 6 months (14.59 ± 17.31 vs. 12.49 ± 16.3, P = 0.005) as well as 12 months postoperatively (20.27 ± 18.6 vs. 17.34 ± 17.79, P = 0.001) compared with preoperatively, although 12 and 24 months postoperatively they were subjectively less satisfied with the outcome (P < 0.001) and had a higher reintervention rate at 24 months (0.17 ± 0.38 vs. 0.12 ± 0.33, P = 0.008). In summary, the present work shows specific gender differences in terms of patient characteristics, defect etiology, defect localization, concomitant therapy, and the choice of cartilage repair procedure. Unexpectedly, contrary to the established scientific opinion, it could be demonstrated that women show relatively better postoperative KOOS increases, despite a higher revision rate and higher subjective dissatisfaction.

目标是基于近 5,000 名患者的集体检查软骨修复后患者特征和结果的性别差异。通过t检验评估了德国软骨注册 DGOU 的 4,986 名患者的患者特征、伴随治疗和结果（膝关节损伤和骨关节炎结果评分 [KOOS]、再手术、患者满意度），以确定可能存在的性别差异。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。女性比男性年长（38.07 ± 12.54 vs. 26.94 ± 12.394 岁，P = 0.002），术前更常见（0.30 ± 0.63 vs. 0.24 ± 0.55，P = 0.001），并且症状持续时间更长（25.22 ± 41.20 vs. . 20.67 ± 35.32 个月，P< 0.001)。男性的平均腿轴不齐度高于女性（3.24° ± 3.26° vs. 2.67° ± 3.06°，P < 0.001），半月板状态较差（P = 0.001），缺陷阶段更差（P = 0.006），以及更多相应关节面严重受损（P = 0.042）。基线时 (59.84 ± 17.49 vs. 52.10 ± 17.77, P < 0.001)，6 个月后 (72.83 ± 15.56 vs. 66.56 ± 17.66, P < 0.001)，12 个月后 (77.88 ± 15.95 vs. 73.07 ± 18.12, P < 0.001），24 个月后（79.311 ± 15.94 对 74.39 ± 18.81，P < 0.001），男性具有更好的绝对 KOOS 值，但女性在 6 个月时具有更好的相对 KOOS 增加（14.59 ± 17.31 对 12.49 ± 16.3，P = 0.005）以及术后 12 个月（20.27 ± 18.6 对 17.34 ± 17.79，P = 0.001）与术前相比，尽管术后 12 个月和 24 个月他们对结果的主观满意度较低（P < 0.001）并且有24 个月时的再干预率更高（0.17 ± 0.38 对 0.12 ± 0.33，P = 0.008）。总之，目前的工作在患者特征、缺陷病因、缺陷定位、伴随治疗和软骨修复程序的选择方面显示出特定的性别差异。出乎意料的是，与既定的科学观点相反，可以证明女性术后 KOOS 增加相对较好，尽管翻修率和主观不满意程度更高。