Small- and medium-scale scattering can be extremely damaging for acoustic imaging. The mechanism for distortions is related to severe frequency-dependent phase perturbations making signals obscure on multi-channel records. Methods are proposed to compensate for such effects in seismic reflection imaging in two steps. First, the rough signal guide is constructed using massive beamforming. Second, trace-by-trace specialized time-frequency masking is employed to reconstruct the corrupted phase and amplitude spectra. Phase masks are of paramount importance to make target events coherent and visible. Amplitude masks remove scattered background noise from the amplitude spectra. Unlike beamforming itself, these methods avoid smearing of signals across channels and preserve full frequency bandwidth.

中文翻译：

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来自波束成形数据的相位向导对于在高度散射的介质中处理多通道数据的重要性。

中小型散射对于声学成像可能会造成极大破坏。失真的机制与严重的频率相关相位扰动有关，这会使信号在多通道记录中模糊不清。提出了两种方法来补偿地震反射成像中的这种影响。首先，使用大规模波束成形来构建粗略的信号导向器。其次，采用逐迹线专用时频掩膜来重建损坏的相位和振幅谱。相位掩码对于使目标事件连贯且可见是至关重要的。振幅掩膜从振幅频谱中消除了散射的背景噪声。与波束成形本身不同，这些方法避免了跨通道信号的拖尾现象，并保留了整个频率带宽。