Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) production and usage might lead to a large discharge of ZnO NPs into the natural environment, raising concerns of pollution and ecological security. The effects of ZnO NPs on waste activated sludge hydrolytic acidification and microbial communities were studied in semi-continuous fermentation systems. The fermentation performance of eight ZnO NPs concentrations including ZnO NPs normal [0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/g mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS)] and ZnO NPs shock (10, 1000, 1000 and 10,000 mg/g MLSS) were discussed, and their biodegradability was also analyzed. The experimental results showed that proteins, polysaccharides and short-chain fatty acids were enhanced by ZnO NPs, particularly by ZnO NPs shock. Low ZnO NPs concentrations inhibited coenzyme 420 (F420) and dehydrogenase activities but enhanced α-glucosidase and protease activities. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that ZnO NPs addition enriched Azospira, Ottowia and Hyphomicrobium but not Anaerolineaceae.

氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）的生产和使用可能导致大量ZnO NPs排放到自然环境中，引起对污染和生态安全的关注。在半连续发酵系统中研究了ZnO NPs对废活性污泥水解酸化和微生物群落的影响。讨论了八种浓度的ZnO NPs的发酵性能，包括正常的[0.01、0.1、1和10 mg / g混合液悬浮固体（MLSS）]和ZnO NPs的冲击（10、1000、1000和10,000 mg / g MLSS）。 ，并对其生物降解性进行了分析。实验结果表明，蛋白质，多糖和短链脂肪酸被ZnO NPs增强，尤其是被ZnO NPs冲击增强。低ZnO NPs浓度抑制了辅酶420（F420）和脱氢酶的活性，但增强了α-葡萄糖苷酶和蛋白酶的活性。Illumina MiSeq测序表明，ZnO NPs的添加丰富了固氮螺菌，奥托维亚和Hyphomicrobium，但无厌氧杆菌科。