Bovine tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis), which infects both humans and cattle. In 2018, a dairy farm in Wisconsin was affected by M. bovis, including a farmworker with exposure to the affected herd. Largely eradicated by effective public health strategies in the United States, most cases are now associated with risk factors including occupational hazards, food consumption, and iatrogenic infections. M. bovis continues to cause disease worldwide affecting certain at-risk populations in the United States. Infections more often result in extrapulmonary sequelae and resistance to pyrazinamide is universal. Thus, successful treatment depends on early and correct identification of the mycobacterium species. A One Health approach to control this re-emerging disease is crucial.

牛结核病是由牛分枝杆菌（牛分枝杆菌）引起的，它同时感染人和牛。2018年，威斯康星州的一家奶牛场受到牛分枝杆菌的影响，其中包括一名农场工人，暴露于受影响的牛群中。在美国，有效的公共卫生策略已将其根除，现在大多数病例都与危险因素有关，包括职业危害，食物摄入和医源性感染。牛分枝杆菌继续在全球范围内引起疾病，影响美国的某些高危人群。感染更常导致肺外后遗症，对吡嗪酰胺的耐药性普遍存在。因此，成功的治疗取决于分枝杆菌种类的早期和正确识别。单一健康的方法来控制这种新出现的疾病至关重要。