Blind people face significant challenges when using smartphones. The focus on improving nonvisual mobile accessibility has been at the level of touchscreen access. Our research investigates the challenges faced by blind people in their everyday usage of mobile phones. In this article, we present a set of studies performed with the target population, novices and experts, using a variety of methods, targeted at identifying and verifying challenges; and coping mechanisms. Through a multiple methods approach we identify and validate challenges locally with a diverse set of user expertise and devices, and at scale through the analyses of the largest Android and iOS dedicate forums for blind people. We contribute with a prioritized corpus of smartphone challenges for blind people, and a discussion on a set of directions for future research, which tackle the open and often overlooked challenges.

盲人在使用智能手机时面临巨大挑战。改善非视觉移动辅助功能的重点一直在触摸屏访问级别。我们的研究调查了盲人日常使用手机时面临的挑战。在本文中，我们提出了一系列针对目标人群，新手和专家的研究，这些研究使用多种方法来确定和验证挑战；和应对机制。通过多种方法，我们通过各种用户专业知识和设备在本地识别和验证挑战，并通过对最大的针对盲人的Android和iOS专用论坛进行分析来进行大规模评估。我们为盲人提供了优先处理的智能手机挑战语料库，并就一系列未来研究方向进行了讨论，