MicroRNAs play a central role in responses to biotic stressors through their interactions with their target mRNAs. Tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.), an important beverage crop, is vulnerable to tea geometrid and anthracnose disease that causes considerable crop loss and tea production worldwide. Sustainable production of tea in the current scenario to biotic factors is major challenges. To overcome the problem of biotic stresses, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) with bioinformatics analyses has been used as an effective approach for the identification of stress-responsive miRNAs and their regulatory functions in tea plant. These stress-responsive miRNAs can be utilized for miRNA-mediated gene silencing to enhance stress tolerance in tea plant. Therefore, this review summarizes the current understanding of miRNAs regulatory functions in tea plant responding to Ectropis oblique and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides attacks for future miRNA research. Also, it highlights the utilization of miRNA-mediated gene silencing strategies for developing biotic stress-tolerant tea plant.

MicroRNA 通过与靶标 mRNA 相互作用，在生物应激反应中发挥核心作用。茶树（ Camellia sinensis L.）是一种重要的饮料作物，很容易受到茶尺蠖和炭疽病的影响，导致世界范围内大量的农作物损失和茶叶产量。在当前情况下，茶叶的可持续生产对生物因素是重大挑战。为了克服生物胁迫问题，高通量测序（HTS）和生物信息学分析已被用作鉴定茶树胁迫响应 miRNA 及其调节功能的有效方法。这些胁迫响应性 miRNA 可用于 miRNA 介导的基因沉默，以增强茶树的胁迫耐受性。因此，本文总结了目前对茶树响应茶树和胶孢炭疽病攻击的 miRNA 调控功能的认识，为未来的 miRNA 研究提供参考。此外，它还强调了利用 miRNA 介导的基因沉默策略来开发耐生物胁迫的茶树。