The newly invented diamond anvil cell (DAC) in 1960, and the newly constructed Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) in 1979 were a perfect match, as CHESS could provide such an intense X-ray beam with such extraordinary properties that a whole new approach to mineral physics research became possible. The very high intensity of the X-ray beam from CHESS made it possible to make real-time observations of crystal structures during phase transitions for the first time. For instance, the olivine-spinel transition, important for understanding deep focus earthquakes can be shown to take place first by the displacive shift of oxygen layers supporting shear stress as most likely earthquake trigger followed by the diffusion of the cations to their positions in the spinel structure. X-ray emission spectra of high-pressure, high-temperature samples also made it possible to determine phase compositions, as well as the structures of complex ions in solution.

中文翻译：

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康奈尔大学在开发用于矿物物理的同步辐射中的作用

1960年新发明的金刚石砧室（DAC）和1979年新建成的康奈尔高能同步加速源（CHESS）完美匹配，因为CHESS可以提供​​如此强的X射线束，并具有非凡的特性，从而带来全新的矿物物理研究的方法成为可能。来自CHESS的X射线束非常高的强度使得首次在相变过程中实时观察晶体结构成为可能。例如，对于理解深层地震很重要的橄榄石-脊柱过渡可以首先通过支持剪切应力的氧层的移位发生，首先是发生地震的触发，然后是阳离子扩散到尖晶石中的位置，从而表明发生了这种转变。结构体。高压的X射线发射光谱