Considering the poor outcome of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IA), mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of IAs, especially the rupture of lesions, should be clarified. In the present study, a rat model of IAs in which induced lesions spontaneously ruptured resulting in SAH was used. In this model, the combination of the female sex and the bilateral ovariectomy increased the incidence of SAH, similar to epidemiological evidence in human cases. Importantly, unruptured IA lesions induced in female animals with bilateral ovariectomy were histopathologically similar to ruptured ones in the presence of vasa vasorum and the accumulation of abundant inflammatory cells, suggesting the exacerbation of the disease. The post-stenotic dilatation of the carotid artery was disturbed by the bilateral ovariectomy in female rats, which was restored by hormone replacement therapy. The in vivo study thus suggested the protective effect of estrogen from the ovary on endothelial cells loaded by wall shear stress. -estradiol or dihydrotestosterone also suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of pro-inflammatory genes in cultured macrophages and neutrophils. The results of the present study have thus provided new insights about the process regulating the progression of the disease.

中文翻译：

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雌性动物的双侧卵巢切除术加重了颅内动脉瘤的发病机理。

考虑到由于颅内动脉瘤（IA）破裂而导致的蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）的不良预后，应阐明IAs发病机理的基础，尤其是病变的破裂。在本研究中，使用了IAs的大鼠模型，其中诱导的损伤自发破裂，导致SAH。在该模型中，女性与双侧卵巢切除术的结合增加了SAH的发生率，与人类病例中的流行病学证据相似。重要的是，双侧卵巢切除术在雌性动物中诱发的未破裂的IA病变在组织病理学上类似于存在血管输卵管和大量炎性细胞积累的破裂的IA，这表明该病加剧了。雌性大鼠的双侧卵巢切除术干扰了颈动脉狭窄后的扩张，并通过激素替代疗法得以恢复。因此，体内研究表明，卵巢中的雌激素对壁切应力加载的内皮细胞具有保护作用。-雌二醇或二氢睾丸激素还抑制脂多糖诱导的促炎基因在培养的巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞中的表达。因此，本研究的结果为调节疾病进程提供了新的见识。-雌二醇或二氢睾丸激素还可以抑制脂多糖诱导的促炎基因在培养的巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞中的表达。因此，本研究的结果为调节疾病进程提供了新的见识。-雌二醇或二氢睾丸激素还可以抑制脂多糖诱导的促炎基因在培养的巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞中的表达。因此，本研究的结果为调节疾病进程提供了新的见识。