Marine and plant-based omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) are widely added to animal diets to promote growth and immunity. We tested the hypothesis that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and their 1:2 combination could counteract acute or long-term damage of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cell line-J2 (IPEC-J2). The results showed that 24 h treatment with EPA or DHA exhibited proliferative effects in IPEC-J2 cells at low to moderate concentrations (6.25–50 μM) (p < 0.05). Further, 24 h pretreatment with individual DHA (3.3 µM), EPA (6.7 µM) or as DHA:EPA (1:2; 10 µM) combination increased the mitochondrial activity or cell membrane integrity post-LPS (24 h), DSS (24 h) and H₂O₂ (1 h) challenge (p < 0.05). Additionally, DHA:EPA (1:2, 10 µM) combination decreased the apoptotic caspase-3/7 activity around twofold after 24 h LPS and DSS challenge (p < 0.05). Our study confirms the proliferative and cytoprotective properties of EPA and DHA in IPEC-J2 cells. Increased intracellular mitochondrial activity and cell membrane integrity by ω-3 PUFAs can play a role in preventing enterocyte apoptosis during acute or chronic inflammatory and oxidative stress.

中文翻译：

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Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸可抵消未转化的猪肠上皮细胞的炎症和氧化损伤。

海洋和植物基的omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3PUFA）被广泛添加到动物饮食中，以促进生长和免疫。我们检验了以下假设：二十碳五烯酸（EPA），二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）及其1：2组合可抵消脂多糖（LPS），右旋糖酐硫酸钠（DSS）和过氧化氢（H ₂ O ₂）的急性或长期损害）在肠道猪上皮细胞系J2（IPEC-J2）中。结果表明，在中低浓度（6.25–50μM）下，EPA或DHA处理24 h对IPEC-J2细胞显示出增殖作用（p<0.05）。此外，使用单独的DHA（3.3 µM），EPA（6.7 µM）或作为DHA：EPA（1：2; 10 µM）组合进行24小时预处理，可增加LPS（24 h），DSS后的线粒体活性或细胞膜完整性。 24小时）和H ₂ O ₂（1小时）攻击（p <0.05）。此外，在24 h LPS和DSS攻击后，DHA：EPA（1：2，10 µM）组合将凋亡的caspase-3 / 7活性降低了两倍左右（p <0.05）。我们的研究证实了EPA和DHA在IPEC-J2细胞中的增殖和细胞保护特性。ω-3PUFA增加的细胞内线粒体活性和细胞膜完整性可以在急性或慢性炎症和氧化应激过程中预防肠细胞凋亡。