Carbon-based material has been regarded as one of the most promising electrode materials for Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). However, the battery performance based on reported porous carbon electrodes is still unsatisfactory, while the in-depth K-ion storage mechanism remains relatively ambiguous. Herein, we propose a facile “in situ template bubbling” method for synthesizing interlayer tuned hierarchically porous carbon with different metallic ions, which delivers superior K-ion storage performance, especially the rate capability (158.6 mAh g^-1@10.0 A g^-1) and high-rate cycling stability (82.8% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 5.0 A g^-1). The origin of the excellent rate performance is revealed by the deliberately designed consecutive CV measurements, Ex situ Raman tests, GITT and theoretical simulations. Considering the facile preparation strategy, superior electrochemical performance and insightful mechanism investigations, this work can provide fundamental understandings for high performance PIBs and related energy storage devices like sodium-ion batteries, aluminum-ion batteries, electrochemical capacitors and dual-ion batteries.

碳基材料被认为是钾离子电池（PIB）最有希望的电极材料之一。然而，基于报道的多孔碳电极的电池性能仍然不能令人满意，而深入的K离子存储机制仍然相对模糊。本文中，我们提出了一种简便的“原位 模板鼓泡”方法，用于合成具有不同金属离子的层间调谐分层多孔碳，该碳具有出色的K离子存储性能，尤其是速率能力（158.6 mAh g ^-1 @ 10.0 A g ^-1）和高循环稳定性（在5.0 A g ^-1下2000次循环后的容量保持率为82.8％）。优良率性能的起源是由故意设计连续的CV测量，发现易地拉曼测试，GITT和理论模拟。考虑到简便的制备策略，优异的电化学性能和深入的机理研究，这项工作可以为高性能PIB和相关的储能设备（如钠离子电池，铝离子电池，电化学电容器和双离子电池）提供基本的了解。